Grain \Grain\ (gr[=a]n), n. [F. grain, L. granum, grain, seed,
   small kernel, small particle. See Corn, and cf. Garner,
   n., Garnet, Gram the chick-pea, Granule, Kernel.]
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   1. A single small hard seed; a kernel, especially of those
      plants, like wheat, whose seeds are used for food.
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   2. The fruit of certain grasses which furnish the chief food
      of man, as corn, wheat, rye, oats, etc., or the plants
      themselves; -- used collectively.
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            Storehouses crammed with grain.       --Shak.
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   3. Any small, hard particle, as of sand, sugar, salt, etc.;
      hence, any minute portion or particle; as, a grain of
      gunpowder, of pollen, of starch, of sense, of wit, etc.
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            I . . . with a grain of manhood well resolved.
                                                  --Milton.
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   4. The unit of the English system of weights; -- so called
      because considered equal to the average of grains taken
      from the middle of the ears of wheat. 7,000 grains
      constitute the pound avoirdupois, and 5,760 grains the
      pound troy. A grain is equal to .0648 gram. See Gram.
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   5. A reddish dye made from the coccus insect, or kermes;
      hence, a red color of any tint or hue, as crimson,
      scarlet, etc.; sometimes used by the poets as equivalent
      to Tyrian purple.
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            All in a robe of darkest grain.       --Milton.
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            Doing as the dyers do, who, having first dipped
            their silks in colors of less value, then give' them
            the last tincture of crimson in grain. --Quoted by
                                                  Coleridge,
                                                  preface to
                                                  Aids to
                                                  Reflection.
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   6. The composite particles of any substance; that arrangement
      of the particles of any body which determines its
      comparative roughness or hardness; texture; as, marble,
      sugar, sandstone, etc., of fine grain.
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            Hard box, and linden of a softer grain. --Dryden.
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   7. The direction, arrangement, or appearance of the fibers in
      wood, or of the strata in stone, slate, etc.
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            Knots, by the conflux of meeting sap,
            Infect the sound pine and divert his grain
            Tortive and errant from his course of growth.
                                                  --Shak.
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   8. The fiber which forms the substance of wood or of any
      fibrous material.
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   9. The hair side of a piece of leather, or the marking on
      that side. --Knight.
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   10. pl. The remains of grain, etc., after brewing or
       distillation; hence, any residuum. Also called draff.
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   11. (Bot.) A rounded prominence on the back of a sepal, as in
       the common dock. See Grained, a., 4.
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   12. Temper; natural disposition; inclination. [Obs.]
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             Brothers . . . not united in grain.  --Hayward.
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   13. A sort of spice, the grain of paradise. [Obs.]
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             He cheweth grain and licorice,
             To smellen sweet.                    --Chaucer.
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   Against the grain, against or across the direction of the
      fibers; hence, against one's wishes or tastes;
      unwillingly; unpleasantly; reluctantly; with difficulty.
      --Swift. --Saintsbury.

   A grain of allowance, a slight indulgence or latitude a
      small allowance.

   Grain binder, an attachment to a harvester for binding the
      grain into sheaves.

   Grain colors, dyes made from the coccus or kermes insect.
      

   Grain leather.
       (a) Dressed horse hides.
       (b) Goat, seal, and other skins blacked on the grain side
           for women's shoes, etc.

   Grain moth (Zool.), one of several small moths, of the
      family Tineid[ae] (as Tinea granella and Butalis
      cerealella), whose larv[ae] devour grain in storehouses.
      

   Grain side (Leather), the side of a skin or hide from which
      the hair has been removed; -- opposed to flesh side.

   Grains of paradise, the seeds of a species of amomum.

   grain tin, crystalline tin ore metallic tin smelted with
      charcoal.

   Grain weevil (Zool.), a small red weevil (Sitophilus
      granarius), which destroys stored wheat and other grain,
      by eating out the interior.

   Grain worm (Zool.), the larva of the grain moth. See grain
      moth, above.

   In grain, of a fast color; deeply seated; fixed; innate;
      genuine. "Anguish in grain." --Herbert.

   To dye in grain, to dye of a fast color by means of the
      coccus or kermes grain [see Grain, n., 5]; hence, to dye
      firmly; also, to dye in the wool, or in the raw material.
      See under Dye.
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            The red roses flush up in her cheeks . . .
            Likce crimson dyed in grain.          --Spenser.

   To go against the grain of (a person), to be repugnant to;
      to vex, irritate, mortify, or trouble.
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Tin \Tin\, n. [As. tin; akin to D. tin, G. zinn, OHG. zin, Icel.
   & Dan. tin, Sw. tenn; of unknown origin.]
   1. (Chem.) An elementary substance found as an oxide in the
      mineral cassiterite, and reduced as a soft silvery-white
      crystalline metal, with a tinge of yellowish-blue, and a
      high luster. It is malleable at ordinary temperatures, but
      brittle when heated. It is softer than gold and can be
      beaten out into very thin strips called tinfoil. It is
      ductile at 2120, when it can be drawn out into wire which
      is not very tenacious; it melts at 4420, and at a higher
      temperature burns with a brilliant white light. Air and
      moisture act on tin very slightly. The peculiar properties
      of tin, especially its malleability, its brilliancy and
      the slowness with which it rusts make it very serviceable.
      With other metals it forms valuable alloys, as bronze, gun
      metal, bell metal, pewter and solder. It is not easily
      oxidized in the air, and is used chiefly to coat iron to
      protect it from rusting, in the form of tin foil with
      mercury to form the reflective surface of mirrors, and in
      solder, bronze, speculum metal, and other alloys. Its
      compounds are designated as stannous, or stannic. Symbol
      Sn (Stannum). Atomic weight 117.4.
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   2. Thin plates of iron covered with tin; tin plate.
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   3. Money. [Cant] --Beaconsfield.
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   Block tin (Metal.), commercial tin, cast into blocks, and
      partially refined, but containing small quantities of
      various impurities, as copper, lead, iron, arsenic, etc.;
      solid tin as distinguished from tin plate; -- called also
      bar tin.

   Butter of tin. (Old Chem.) See Fuming liquor of Libavius,
      under Fuming.

   Grain tin. (Metal.) See under Grain.

   Salt of tin (Dyeing), stannous chloride, especially so
      called when used as a mordant.

   Stream tin. See under Stream.

   Tin cry (Chem.), the peculiar creaking noise made when a
      bar of tin is bent. It is produced by the grating of the
      crystal granules on each other.

   Tin foil, tin reduced to a thin leaf.

   Tin frame (Mining), a kind of buddle used in washing tin
      ore.

   Tin liquor, Tin mordant (Dyeing), stannous chloride, used
      as a mordant in dyeing and calico printing.

   Tin penny, a customary duty in England, formerly paid to
      tithingmen for liberty to dig in tin mines. [Obs.]
      --Bailey.

   Tin plate, thin sheet iron coated with tin.

   Tin pyrites. See Stannite.
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