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World Gazetteer Results for Tshwaane:
NameTshwaane
Alternate NamesTshwane
Geographical TypeLocality
Population214
Latitude
Longitude
CountryBotswana
Administrative DivisionNgwaketse
Dictionary Results for Botswana:
1. WordNet® 3.0 (2006)
Botswana
    n 1: a landlocked republic in south-central Africa that became
         independent from British control in the 1960s [syn:
         Botswana, Republic of Botswana]

2. CIA World Factbook 2002
Botswana

   Introduction Botswana
   ---------------------
                            Background: Formerly the British protectorate of
                                        Bechuanaland, Botswana adopted its
                                        new name upon independence in 1966.
                                        The economy, one of the most robust
                                        on the continent, is dominated by
                                        diamond mining.
  
   Geography Botswana
   ------------------
                              Location: Southern Africa, north of South
                                        Africa
                Geographic coordinates: 22 00 S, 24 00 E
                        Map references: Africa
                                  Area: total: 600,370 sq km
                                        water: 15,000 sq km
                                        land: 585,370 sq km
                    Area - comparative: slightly smaller than Texas
                       Land boundaries: total: 4,013 km
                                        border countries: Namibia 1,360 km,
                                        South Africa 1,840 km, Zimbabwe 813
                                        km
                             Coastline: 0 km (landlocked)
                       Maritime claims: none (landlocked)
                               Climate: semiarid; warm winters and hot
                                        summers
                               Terrain: predominantly flat to gently rolling
                                        tableland; Kalahari Desert in
                                        southwest
                    Elevation extremes: lowest point: junction of the
                                        Limpopo and Shashe Rivers 513 m
                                        highest point: Tsodilo Hills 1,489 m
                     Natural resources: diamonds, copper, nickel, salt, soda
                                        ash, potash, coal, iron ore, silver
                              Land use: arable land: 0.61%
                                        permanent crops: 0.01%
                                        other: 99.39% (1998 est.)
                        Irrigated land: 10 sq km (1998 est.)
                       Natural hazards: periodic droughts; seasonal August
                                        winds blow from the west, carrying
                                        sand and dust across the country,
                                        which can obscure visibility
          Environment - current issues: overgrazing; desertification;
                                        limited fresh water resources
            Environment - international party to: Biodiversity, Climate
                            agreements: Change, Desertification, Endangered
                                        Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of
                                        the Sea, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone
                                        Layer Protection, Wetlands
                                        signed, but not ratified: none of
                                        the selected agreements
                      Geography - note: landlocked; population concentrated
                                        in eastern part of the country
  
   People Botswana
   ---------------
                            Population: 1,591,232
                                        note: estimates for this country
                                        explicitly take into account the
                                        effects of excess mortality due to
                                        AIDS; this can result in lower life
                                        expectancy, higher infant mortality
                                        and death rates, lower population
                                        and growth rates, and changes in the
                                        distribution of population by age
                                        and sex than would otherwise be
                                        expected (July 2002 est.)
                         Age structure: 0-14 years: 40% (male 319,988;
                                        female 316,961)
                                        15-64 years: 55.8% (male 428,638;
                                        female 458,777)
                                        65 years and over: 4.2% (male
                                        26,965; female 39,903) (2002 est.)
                Population growth rate: 0.18% (2002 est.)
                            Birth rate: 28.04 births/1,000 population (2002
                                        est.)
                            Death rate: 26.26 deaths/1,000 population (2002
                                        est.)
                    Net migration rate: 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002
                                        est.)
                             Sex ratio: at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female
                                        under 15 years: 1.01 male(s)/female
                                        15-64 years: 0.93 male(s)/female
                                        65 years and over: 0.68 male(s)/
                                        female
                                        total population: 0.95 male(s)/
                                        female (2002 est.)
                 Infant mortality rate: 64.72 deaths/1,000 live births (2002
                                        est.)
              Life expectancy at birth: total population: 35.29 years
                                        female: 35.43 years (2002 est.)
                                        male: 35.15 years
                  Total fertility rate: 3.6 children born/woman (2002 est.)
      HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate: 35.8% (1999 est.)
     HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/ 290,000 (1999 est.)
                                  AIDS:
                     HIV/AIDS - deaths: 24,000 (1999 est.)
                           Nationality: noun: Motswana (singular), Batswana
                                        (plural)
                                        adjective: Motswana (singular),
                                        Batswana (plural)
                         Ethnic groups: Tswana (or Setswana) 79%, Kalanga
                                        11%, Basarwa 3%, other, including
                                        Kgalagadi and white 7%
                             Religions: indigenous beliefs 85%, Christian
                                        15%
                             Languages: English (official), Setswana
                              Literacy: definition: age 15 and over can read
                                        and write
                                        total population: 69.8%
                                        male: 80.5%
                                        female: 59.9% (1995 est.)
  
   Government Botswana
   -------------------
                          Country name: conventional long form: Republic of
                                        Botswana
                                        conventional short form: Botswana
                                        former: Bechuanaland
                       Government type: parliamentary republic
                               Capital: Gaborone
              Administrative divisions: 10 districts and four town
                                        councils*; Central, Chobe,
                                        Francistown*, Gaborone*, Ghanzi,
                                        Kgalagadi, Kgatleng, Kweneng,
                                        Lobatse*, Ngamiland, North-East,
                                        Selebi-Pikwe*, South-East, Southern
                          Independence: 30 September 1966 (from UK)
                      National holiday: Independence Day (Botswana Day), 30
                                        September (1966)
                          Constitution: March 1965, effective 30 September
                                        1966
                          Legal system: based on Roman-Dutch law and local
                                        customary law; judicial review
                                        limited to matters of
                                        interpretation; has not accepted
                                        compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
                              Suffrage: 18 years of age; universal
                      Executive branch: chief of state: President Festus
                                        MOGAE (since 1 April 1998) and Vice
                                        President Seretse Ian KHAMA (since
                                        13 July 1998); note - the president
                                        is both the chief of state and head
                                        of government
                                        head of government: President Festus
                                        MOGAE (since 1 April 1998) and Vice
                                        President Seretse Ian KHAMA (since
                                        13 July 1998); note - the president
                                        is both the chief of state and head
                                        of government
                                        cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the
                                        president
                                        elections: president elected by the
                                        National Assembly for a five-year
                                        term; election last held 16 October
                                        1999 (next to be held NA October
                                        2004); vice president appointed by
                                        the president
                                        election results: Festus MOGAE
                                        elected president; percent of
                                        National Assembly vote - 54.3%
                    Legislative branch: bicameral Parliament consists of the
                                        House of Chiefs (a largely advisory
                                        15-member body consisting of the
                                        chiefs of the eight principal
                                        tribes, four elected subchiefs, and
                                        three members selected by the other
                                        12 members) and the National
                                        Assembly (44 seats, 40 members are
                                        directly elected by popular vote and
                                        4 are appointed by the majority
                                        party; members serve five-year
                                        terms)
                                        elections: National Assembly
                                        elections last held 16 October 1999
                                        (next to be held NA October 2004)
                                        election results: percent of vote by
                                        party - BDP 54.3%, BNF 24.7%, other
                                        21%; seats by party - BDP 33, BNF 6,
                                        other 1
                       Judicial branch: High Court; Court of Appeal;
                                        Magistrates' Courts (one in each
                                        district)
         Political parties and leaders: Botswana Democratic Party or BDP
                                        [Festus MOGAE]; Botswana National
                                        Front or BNF [Otswoletse MOUPO];
                                        Botswana Congress Party or BCP
                                        [Otiandisa KOOSQLEDSE]; Botswana
                                        Alliance Movement or BAM [Ephraim
                                        Lepetu SETSHWAELO]
                                        note: a number of minor parties
                                        joined forces in 1999 to form the
                                        BAM but did not capture any
                                        parliamentary seats; the BAM parties
                                        are: the United Action Party
                                        [Ephraim Lepetu SETSHWAELO], the
                                        Independence Freedom Party or IFP
                                        [Motsamai MPHO], and the Botswana
                                        Progressive Union [D. K. KWELE]
          Political pressure groups and NA
                               leaders:
             International organization ACP, AfDB, C, CCC, ECA, FAO, G-77,
                         participation: IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD,
                                        IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, Interpol, IOC,
                                        ISO, ITU, NAM, OAU, OPCW, SACU,
                                        SADC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO,
                                        UPU, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO,
                                        WTrO
   Diplomatic representation in the US: chief of mission: Ambassador Kgosi
                                        SEEPAPITSO IV
                                        chancery: 1531-1533 New Hampshire
                                        Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20036
                                        FAX: [1] (202) 244-4164
                                        telephone: [1] (202) 244-4990
     Diplomatic representation from the chief of mission: Ambassador John E.
                                    US: LANGE
                                        embassy: address NA, Gaborone
                                        mailing address: P. O. Box 90,
                                        Gaborone
                                        telephone: [267] 353982
                                        FAX: [267] 312782
                      Flag description: light blue with a horizontal white-
                                        edged black stripe in the center
  
   Economy Botswana
   ----------------
                    Economy - overview: Botswana has maintained one of the
                                        world's highest growth rates since
                                        independence in 1966. Through fiscal
                                        discipline and sound management,
                                        Botswana has transformed itself from
                                        one of the poorest countries in the
                                        world to a middle-income country
                                        with a per capita GDP of $7,800 in
                                        2001. Two major investment services
                                        rank Botswana as the best credit
                                        risk in Africa. Diamond mining has
                                        fueled much of expansion and
                                        currently accounts for more than
                                        one-third of GDP and for four-fifths
                                        of export earnings. Tourism,
                                        subsistence farming, and cattle
                                        raising are other key sectors. On
                                        the downside, the government must
                                        deal with high rates of unemployment
                                        and poverty. Unemployment officially
                                        is 21%, but unofficial estimates
                                        place it closer to 40%. HIV/AIDS
                                        infection rates are the highest in
                                        the world and threaten Botswana's
                                        impressive economic gains.
                                   GDP: purchasing power parity - $12.4
                                        billion (2001 est.)
                GDP - real growth rate: 4.7% (2001 est.)
                      GDP - per capita: purchasing power parity - $7,800
                                        (2001 est.)
           GDP - composition by sector: agriculture: 4%
                                        industry: 44% (including 36% mining)
  
                                        services: 52% (2000 est.)
         Population below poverty line: 47% (2000 est.)
     Household income or consumption by lowest 10%: NA%
                      percentage share: highest 10%: NA%
      Inflation rate (consumer prices): 6.6% (2001 est.)
                           Labor force: 264,000 formal sector employees
                                        (2000)
           Labor force - by occupation: NA
                     Unemployment rate: 40% (official rate is 21%) (2001
                                        est.)
                                Budget: revenues: $2.3 billion
                                        expenditures: $2.4 billion,
                                        including capital expenditures of
                                        $NA (FY01/02)
                            Industries: diamonds, copper, nickel, salt, soda
                                        ash, potash; livestock processing;
                                        textiles
     Industrial production growth rate: 2.4% (2001 est.)
              Electricity - production: 500 million kWh (2000)
    Electricity - production by source: fossil fuel: 100%
                                        hydro: 0%
                                        other: 0% (2000)
                                        nuclear: 0%
             Electricity - consumption: 1.451 billion kWh (2000)
                 Electricity - exports: 0 kWh (2000)
                 Electricity - imports: 986 million kWh (2000)
                Agriculture - products: livestock, sorghum, maize, millet,
                                        beans, sunflowers, groundnuts
                               Exports: $2.5 billion (f.o.b., 2001 est.)
                 Exports - commodities: diamonds 80%, copper, nickel, soda
                                        ash, meat, textiles (2001)
                    Exports - partners: EFTA 85%, Southern African Customs
                                        Union (SACU) 10%, Zimbabwe 2% (1999)
                               Imports: $2.1 billion (f.o.b., 2001 est.)
                 Imports - commodities: foodstuffs, machinery, electrical
                                        goods, transport equipment,
                                        textiles, fuel and petroleum
                                        products, wood and paper products,
                                        metal and metal products (2000)
                    Imports - partners: Southern African Customs Union
                                        (SACU) 77%, EFTA 9%, Zimbabwe 4%
                                        (1999)
                       Debt - external: $325 million (2001)
              Economic aid - recipient: $73 million (1995)
                              Currency: pula (BWP)
                         Currency code: BWP
                        Exchange rates: pulas per US dollar - 6.8353
                                        (January 2002), 5.8412 (2001),
                                        5.1018 (2000), 4.6244 (1999), 4.2259
                                        (1998), 3.6508 (1997)
                           Fiscal year: 1 April - 31 March
  
   Communications Botswana
   -----------------------
        Telephones - main lines in use: 150,000 (2000)
          Telephones - mobile cellular: 200,000 (2000)
                      Telephone system: general assessment: the system is
                                        expanding with the growth of mobile
                                        cellular service and participation
                                        in regional development
                                        domestic: small system of open-wire
                                        lines, microwave radio relay links,
                                        and a few radiotelephone
                                        communication stations; mobile
                                        cellular service is growing fast
                                        international: two international
                                        exchanges; digital microwave radio
                                        relay links to Namibia, Zambia,
                                        Zimbabwe, and South Africa;
                                        satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat
                                        (Indian Ocean)
              Radio broadcast stations: AM 8, FM 13, shortwave 4 (2001)
                                Radios: 252,720 (2000)
         Television broadcast stations: 1 (2001)
                           Televisions: 31,000 (1997)
                 Internet country code: .bw
     Internet Service Providers (ISPs): 11 (2001)
                        Internet users: 33,000 (2001)
  
   Transportation Botswana
   -----------------------
                               Railways: total: 888 km
                                         narrow gauge: 888 km 1.067-m gauge
                                         (2000 est.)
                               Highways: total: 10,217 km
                                         paved: 5,620 km
                                         unpaved: 4,597 km (1999)
                              Waterways: none
                      Ports and harbors: none
                               Airports: 92 (2001)
          Airports - with paved runways: total: 11
                                         2,438 to 3,047 m: 2
                                         1,524 to 2,437 m: 8
                                         914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2001)
        Airports - with unpaved runways: total: 81
                                         1,524 to 2,437 m: 3
                                         914 to 1,523 m: 56
                                         under 914 m: 22 (2001)
  
   Military Botswana
   -----------------
                     Military branches: Botswana Defense Force (including
                                        Army and Air Wing), Botswana
                                        National Police
      Military manpower - military age: 18 years of age (2002 est.)
      Military manpower - availability: males age 15-49: 384,888 (2002 est.)
   Military manpower - fit for military males age 15-49: 202,685 (2002 est.)
                               service:
           Military manpower - reaching males: 19,479 (2002 est.)
                 military age annually:
         Military expenditures - dollar $135 million (FY01/02)
                                figure:
     Military expenditures - percent of 3.5% (FY01/02)
                                   GDP:
  
   Transnational Issues Botswana
   -----------------------------
                                              Disputes - international: none
  
                                       



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