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World Gazetteer Results for Tonga:
NameTonga
Geographical TypeLocality
Population376
Latitude
Longitude
CountryTuvalu
Administrative DivisionNanumanga
Dictionary Results for Tonga:
1. WordNet® 3.0 (2006)
Tonga
    n 1: a monarchy on a Polynesian archipelago in the South
         Pacific; achieved independence from the United Kingdom in
         1970 [syn: Tonga, Kingdom of Tonga, Friendly Islands]
    2: the language of the Tongan people of south central Africa
       (Zambia and Rhodesia)

2. The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48
Tonga \Ton"ga\, n. (Med.)
   A drug useful in neuralgia, derived from a Fijian plant
   supposed to be of the aroid genus Epipremnum.
   [1913 Webster]

3. The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48
Tonga \Ton"ga\, n. [Hind. t[=a]ng[=a], Skr. tama[.n]gaka.]
   A kind of light two-wheeled vehicle, usually for four
   persons, drawn by ponies or bullocks. [India]
   [Webster 1913 Suppl.]

4. CIA World Factbook 2002
Tonga

   Introduction Tonga
   ------------------
                            Background: The archipelago of "The Friendly
                                        Islands" was united into a
                                        Polynesian kingdom in 1845. It
                                        became a constitutional monarchy in
                                        1875 and a British protectorate in
                                        1900. Tonga acquired its
                                        independence in 1970 and became a
                                        member of the Commonwealth of
                                        Nations. It remains the only
                                        monarchy in the Pacific.
  
   Geography Tonga
   ---------------
                              Location: Oceania, archipelago in the South
                                        Pacific Ocean, about two-thirds of
                                        the way from Hawaii to New Zealand
                Geographic coordinates: 20 00 S, 175 00 W
                        Map references: Oceania
                                  Area: total: 748 sq km
                                        water: 30 sq km
                                        land: 718 sq km
                    Area - comparative: four times the size of Washington,
                                        DC
                       Land boundaries: 0 km
                             Coastline: 419 km
                       Maritime claims: continental shelf: 200-m depth or to
                                        the depth of exploitation
                                        territorial sea: 12 NM
                                        exclusive economic zone: 200 NM
                               Climate: tropical; modified by trade winds;
                                        warm season (December to May), cool
                                        season (May to December)
                               Terrain: most islands have limestone base
                                        formed from uplifted coral
                                        formation; others have limestone
                                        overlying volcanic base
                    Elevation extremes: lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m
                                        highest point: unnamed location on
                                        Kao Island 1,033 m
                     Natural resources: fish, fertile soil
                              Land use: arable land: 23.61%
                                        permanent crops: 43.06%
                                        other: 33.33% (1998 est.)
                        Irrigated land: NA sq km
                       Natural hazards: cyclones (October to April);
                                        earthquakes and volcanic activity on
                                        Fonuafo'ou
          Environment - current issues: deforestation results as more and
                                        more land is being cleared for
                                        agriculture and settlement; some
                                        damage to coral reefs from starfish
                                        and indiscriminate coral and shell
                                        collectors; overhunting threatens
                                        native sea turtle populations
            Environment - international party to: Biodiversity, Climate
                            agreements: Change, Desertification, Law of the
                                        Sea, Marine Life Conservation,
                                        Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer
                                        Protection, Ship Pollution
                                        signed, but not ratified: none of
                                        the selected agreements
                      Geography - note: archipelago of 169 islands (36
                                        inhabited)
  
   People Tonga
   ------------
                            Population: 106,137 (July 2002 est.)
                         Age structure: 0-14 years: 39.5% (male 21,374;
                                        female 20,555)
                                        15-64 years: 56.4% (male 29,519;
                                        female 30,322)
                                        65 years and over: 4.1% (male 1,945;
                                        female 2,422) (2002 est.)
                Population growth rate: 1.85% (2002 est.)
                            Birth rate: 24.08 births/1,000 population (2002
                                        est.)
                            Death rate: 5.63 deaths/1,000 population (2002
                                        est.)
                    Net migration rate: 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002
                                        est.)
                             Sex ratio: at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female
                                        under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female
                                        15-64 years: 0.97 male(s)/female
                                        65 years and over: 0.8 male(s)/
                                        female
                                        total population: 0.99 male(s)/
                                        female (2002 est.)
                 Infant mortality rate: 13.72 deaths/1,000 live births (2002
                                        est.)
              Life expectancy at birth: total population: 68.56 years
                                        female: 71.11 years (2002 est.)
                                        male: 66.13 years
                  Total fertility rate: 3 children born/woman (2002 est.)
      HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate: NA%
     HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/ NA
                                  AIDS:
                     HIV/AIDS - deaths: NA
                           Nationality: noun: Tongan(s)
                                        adjective: Tongan
                         Ethnic groups: Polynesian, Europeans about 300
                             Religions: Christian (Free Wesleyan Church
                                        claims over 30,000 adherents)
                             Languages: Tongan, English
                              Literacy: definition: can read and write
                                        Tongan and/or English
                                        total population: 98.5%
                                        male: 98.4%
                                        female: 98.7% (1996 est.)
  
   Government Tonga
   ----------------
                          Country name: conventional long form: Kingdom of
                                        Tonga
                                        conventional short form: Tonga
                                        former: Friendly Islands
                       Government type: hereditary constitutional monarchy
                               Capital: Nuku'alofa
              Administrative divisions: 3 island groups; Ha'apai, Tongatapu,
                                        Vava'u
                          Independence: 4 June 1970 (from UK protectorate)
                      National holiday: Independence Day, 4 June (1970)
                          Constitution: 4 November 1875, revised 1 January
                                        1967
                          Legal system: based on English law
                              Suffrage: 21 years of age; universal
                      Executive branch: chief of state: King Taufa'ahau
                                        TUPOU IV (since 16 December 1965)
                                        note: there is also a Privy Council
                                        that consists of the monarch, the
                                        Cabinet, and two governors
                                        elections: none; the monarch is
                                        hereditary; prime minister and
                                        deputy prime minister appointed for
                                        life by the monarch
                                        cabinet: Cabinet, appointed by the
                                        monarch, consists of 12 members
                                        head of government: Prime Minister
                                        Prince Lavaka ata ULUKALALA (since
                                        NA February 2000) and Deputy Prime
                                        Minister Tevita TOPOU (since NA
                                        January 2001)
                    Legislative branch: unicameral Legislative Assembly or
                                        Fale Alea (30 seats - 12 reserved
                                        for cabinet ministers sitting ex
                                        officio, nine for nobles selected by
                                        the country's 33 nobles, and nine
                                        elected by popular vote; members
                                        serve three-year terms)
                                        elections: last held 7 March 2002
                                        (next to be held NA 2005)
                                        election results: percent of vote -
                                        pro-democratic 70%; seats - pro-
                                        democratic 7, traditionalist 2
                       Judicial branch: Supreme Court (judges are appointed
                                        by the monarch); Court of Appeal
                                        (consists of the Privy Council with
                                        the addition of the chief justice of
                                        the Supreme Court)
         Political parties and leaders: there are no political parties
          Political pressure groups and Tonga Human Rights and Democracy
                               leaders: Movement or THRDM [Akilisi POHIVA,
                                        president]
             International organization ACP, AsDB, C, ESCAP, FAO, G-77,
                         participation: IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD,
                                        IFC, IFRCS, IHO, IMF, IMO, Interpol,
                                        IOC, ITU, Sparteca, SPC, SPF, UN,
                                        UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WHO,
                                        WIPO, WMO, WTrO (observer)
   Diplomatic representation in the US: chief of mission: Ambassador Sione
                                        KITE
                                        chancery: 250 East 51st Street, New
                                        York, NY 10022
                                        telephone: [1] (917) 369-1136
                                        consulate(s) general: San Francisco
                                        FAX: [1] (917) 369-1024
     Diplomatic representation from the the US does not have an embassy in
                                    US: Tonga; the ambassador to Fiji is
                                        accredited to Tonga
                      Flag description: red with a bold red cross on a white
                                        rectangle in the upper hoist-side
                                        corner
  
   Economy Tonga
   -------------
                    Economy - overview: Tonga has a small, open economy with
                                        a narrow export base in agricultural
                                        goods. Squash, coconuts, bananas,
                                        and vanilla beans are the main
                                        crops, and agricultural exports make
                                        up two-thirds of total exports. The
                                        country must import a high
                                        proportion of its food, mainly from
                                        New Zealand. Tourism is the second
                                        largest source of hard currency
                                        earnings following remittances. The
                                        country remains dependent on
                                        external aid and remittances from
                                        Tongan communities overseas to
                                        offset its trade deficit. The
                                        government is emphasizing the
                                        development of the private sector,
                                        especially the encouragement of
                                        investment, and is committing
                                        increased funds for health and
                                        education. Tonga has a reasonable
                                        basic infrastructure and well-
                                        developed social services.
                                   GDP: purchasing power parity - $225
                                        million (2000 est.)
                GDP - real growth rate: 5.3% (2000 est.)
                      GDP - per capita: purchasing power parity - $2,200
                                        (2000 est.)
           GDP - composition by sector: agriculture: 30%
                                        industry: 10%
                                        services: 60% (2001 est.)
         Population below poverty line: NA%
     Household income or consumption by lowest 10%: NA%
                      percentage share: highest 10%: NA%
      Inflation rate (consumer prices): 9.4% (2001 est.)
                           Labor force: 33,908 (1996)
           Labor force - by occupation: agriculture 65% (1997 est.)
                     Unemployment rate: 13.3% (1996 est.)
                                Budget: revenues: $39.9 million
                                        expenditures: $52.4 million,
                                        including capital expenditures of
                                        $1.9 million (FY99/00 est.)
                            Industries: tourism, fishing
     Industrial production growth rate: 8.6% (FY98/99)
              Electricity - production: 30 million kWh (2000)
    Electricity - production by source: fossil fuel: 100%
                                        hydro: 0%
                                        other: 0% (2000)
                                        nuclear: 0%
             Electricity - consumption: 27.9 million kWh (2000)
                 Electricity - exports: 0 kWh (2000)
                 Electricity - imports: 0 kWh (2000)
                Agriculture - products: squash, coconuts, copra, bananas,
                                        vanilla beans, cocoa, coffee,
                                        ginger, black pepper; fish
                               Exports: $9.3 million (f.o.b., 2000 est.)
                 Exports - commodities: squash, fish, vanilla beans, root
                                        crops
                    Exports - partners: Japan 50.4%, US 31.6%, NZ 4.1%,
                                        Australia 2.1%, Fiji 1.7% (2000
                                        est.)
                               Imports: $70 million (c.i.f., 2000 est.)
                 Imports - commodities: foodstuffs, machinery and transport
                                        equipment, fuels, chemicals
                    Imports - partners: New Zealand 29.8%, Japan 18.6%,
                                        Australia 12.7%, US 12.7%, Fiji
                                        12.2% (2000 est.)
                       Debt - external: $57.5 million (June 2001)
              Economic aid - recipient: Australia $5.5 million, New Zealand
                                        $2.3 million (FY01/02)
                              Currency: pa'anga (TOP)
                         Currency code: TOP
                        Exchange rates: pa'anga per US dollar - 2.1920
                                        (January 2002), 2.1236 (2001),
                                        1.7585 (2000), 1.5991 (1999), 1.4920
                                        (1998), 1.2635 (1997)
                           Fiscal year: 1 July - 30 June
  
   Communications Tonga
   --------------------
        Telephones - main lines in use: 8,000 (1996)
          Telephones - mobile cellular: 302 (1996)
                      Telephone system: general assessment: NA
                                        domestic: NA
                                        international: satellite earth
                                        station - 1 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean)
                                        (1996)
              Radio broadcast stations: AM 1, FM 2, shortwave 1 (2001)
                                Radios: 61,000 (1997)
         Television broadcast stations: 2 (2001)
                           Televisions: 2,000 (1997)
                 Internet country code: .to
     Internet Service Providers (ISPs): 2 (2000)
                        Internet users: 1,000 (2000)
  
   Transportation Tonga
   --------------------
                              Railways: 0 km
                              Highways: total: 680 km
                                        paved: 184 km
                                        unpaved: 496 km (1996)
                             Waterways: none
                     Ports and harbors: Neiafu, Nuku'alofa, Pangai
                       Merchant marine: total: 80 ships (1,000 GRT or over)
                                        totaling 292,139 GRT/421,221 DWT
                                        ships by type: bulk 10, cargo 54,
                                        liquefied gas 4, petroleum tanker 8,
                                        roll on/roll off 4
                                        note: includes some foreign-owned
                                        ships registered here as a flag of
                                        convenience: Albania 1, Australia 4,
                                        Austria 1, Bolivia 1, Cyprus 1,
                                        Djibouti 1, Egypt 2, Greece 4,
                                        Lebanon 2, Liberia 2, Marshall
                                        Islands 2, Morocco 1, Norway 1,
                                        Panama 1, Romania 3, Russia 1, Sao
                                        Tome and Principe 1, Saudi Arabia 2,
                                        Singapore 1, Sweden 1, Switzerland
                                        3, Syria 5, Ukraine 1, United Arab
                                        Emirates 16, United States 4 (2002
                                        est.)
                              Airports: 6 (2001)
         Airports - with paved runways: total: 2
                                        2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 (2001)
       Airports - with unpaved runways: total: 4
                                        1,524 to 2,437 m: 1
                                        914 to 1,523 m: 1
                                        under 914 m: 2 (2001)
  
   Military Tonga
   --------------
                     Military branches: Tonga Defense Services (made up of
                                        three operational command components
                                        and two support elements, including
                                        the Royal Marines, Royal Guards,
                                        Maritime Force, a support/logistics
                                        group, and a training group),
                                        Police; note - a new air wing that
                                        will be subordinate to the Ministry
                                        of Defense is being developed
         Military expenditures - dollar $NA
                                figure:
     Military expenditures - percent of NA%
                                   GDP:
  
   Transnational Issues Tonga
   --------------------------
                                              Disputes - international: none
  
                                       



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