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World Gazetteer Results for Tjaneni:
NameTjaneni
Alternate NamesTshaneni
Geographical TypeLocality
Population1899
Latitude
Longitude
CountrySwaziland
Administrative DivisionLubombo
Dictionary Results for Swaziland:
1. WordNet® 3.0 (2006)
Swaziland
    n 1: a landlocked monarchy in southeastern Africa; member of the
         commonwealth that achieved independence from the United
         Kingdom in 1968 [syn: Swaziland, Kingdom of Swaziland]

2. CIA World Factbook 2002
Swaziland

   Introduction Swaziland
   ----------------------
                            Background: Autonomy for the Swazis of southern
                                        Africa was guaranteed by the British
                                        in the late 19th century;
                                        independence was granted 1968.
                                        Student and labor unrest during the
                                        1990s have pressured the monarchy
                                        (one of the oldest on the continent)
                                        to grudgingly allow political reform
                                        and greater democracy.
  
   Geography Swaziland
   -------------------
                              Location: Southern Africa, between Mozambique
                                        and South Africa
                Geographic coordinates: 26 30 S, 31 30 E
                        Map references: Africa
                                  Area: total: 17,363 sq km
                                        water: 160 sq km
                                        land: 17,203 sq km
                    Area - comparative: slightly smaller than New Jersey
                       Land boundaries: total: 535 km
                                        border countries: Mozambique 105 km,
                                        South Africa 430 km
                             Coastline: 0 km (landlocked)
                       Maritime claims: none (landlocked)
                               Climate: varies from tropical to near
                                        temperate
                               Terrain: mostly mountains and hills; some
                                        moderately sloping plains
                    Elevation extremes: lowest point: Great Usutu River 21 m
  
                                        highest point: Emlembe 1,862 m
                     Natural resources: asbestos, coal, clay, cassiterite,
                                        hydropower, forests, small gold and
                                        diamond deposits, quarry stone, and
                                        talc
                              Land use: arable land: 9.77%
                                        permanent crops: 0.7%
                                        other: 89.53% (1998 est.)
                        Irrigated land: 690 sq km (1998 est.)
                       Natural hazards: drought
          Environment - current issues: limited supplies of potable water;
                                        wildlife populations being depleted
                                        because of excessive hunting;
                                        overgrazing; soil degradation; soil
                                        erosion
            Environment - international party to: Biodiversity, Climate
                            agreements: Change, Endangered Species, Nuclear
                                        Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection
                                        signed, but not ratified:
                                        Desertification, Law of the Sea
                      Geography - note: landlocked; almost completely
                                        surrounded by South Africa
  
   People Swaziland
   ----------------
                            Population: 1,123,605
                                        note: estimates for this country
                                        explicitly take into account the
                                        effects of excess mortality due to
                                        AIDS; this can result in lower life
                                        expectancy, higher infant mortality
                                        and death rates, lower population
                                        and growth rates, and changes in the
                                        distribution of population by age
                                        and sex than would otherwise be
                                        expected (July 2002 est.)
                         Age structure: 0-14 years: 45.5% (male 254,573;
                                        female 256,677)
                                        15-64 years: 51.9% (male 281,645;
                                        female 301,071)
                                        65 years and over: 2.6% (male
                                        12,027; female 17,612) (2002 est.)
                Population growth rate: 1.63% (2002 est.)
                            Birth rate: 39.59 births/1,000 population (2002
                                        est.)
                            Death rate: 23.26 deaths/1,000 population (2002
                                        est.)
                    Net migration rate: 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002
                                        est.)
                             Sex ratio: at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female
                                        under 15 years: 0.99 male(s)/female
                                        15-64 years: 0.94 male(s)/female
                                        65 years and over: 0.68 male(s)/
                                        female
                                        total population: 0.95 male(s)/
                                        female (2002 est.)
                 Infant mortality rate: 109.43 deaths/1,000 live births
                                        (2002 est.)
              Life expectancy at birth: total population: 37 years
                                        female: 37.66 years (2002 est.)
                                        male: 36.35 years
                  Total fertility rate: 5.77 children born/woman (2002 est.)
      HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate: 35.6% (2002 est.)
     HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/ 212,000 (2002 est.)
                                  AIDS:
                     HIV/AIDS - deaths: 7,100 (1999 est.)
                           Nationality: noun: Swazi(s)
                                        adjective: Swazi
                         Ethnic groups: African 97%, European 3%
                             Religions: Zionist (a blend of Christianity and
                                        indigenous ancestral worship) 40%,
                                        Roman Catholic 20%, Muslim 10%,
                                        Anglican, Bahai, Methodist, Mormon,
                                        Jewish and other 30%
                             Languages: English (official, government
                                        business conducted in English),
                                        siSwati (official)
                              Literacy: definition: age 15 and over can read
                                        and write
                                        total population: 78.3%
                                        male: 78%
                                        female: 78.4% (1999 est.)
  
   Government Swaziland
   --------------------
                          Country name: conventional long form: Kingdom of
                                        Swaziland
                                        conventional short form: Swaziland
                       Government type: monarchy; independent member of
                                        Commonwealth
                               Capital: Mbabane; note - Lobamba is the royal
                                        and legislative capital
              Administrative divisions: 4 districts; Hhohho, Lubombo,
                                        Manzini, Shiselweni
                          Independence: 6 September 1968 (from UK)
                      National holiday: Independence Day, 6 September (1968)
                          Constitution: none; constitution of 6 September
                                        1968 was suspended 12 April 1973; a
                                        new constitution was promulgated 13
                                        October 1978, but was not formally
                                        presented to the people; since then
                                        a few more outlines for a
                                        constitution have been compiled
                                        under the Constitutional Review
                                        Commission (CRC), but so far none
                                        have been accepted
                          Legal system: based on South African Roman-Dutch
                                        law in statutory courts and Swazi
                                        traditional law and custom in
                                        traditional courts; has not accepted
                                        compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
                              Suffrage: 18 years of age
                      Executive branch: chief of state: King MSWATI III
                                        (since 25 April 1986)
                                        head of government: Prime Minister
                                        Sibusiso Barnabas DLAMINI (since 9
                                        August 1996)
                                        cabinet: Cabinet recommended by the
                                        prime minister and confirmed by the
                                        monarch
                                        elections: none; the monarch is
                                        hereditary; prime minister appointed
                                        by the monarch
                    Legislative branch: bicameral Parliament or Libandla, an
                                        advisory body, consists of the
                                        Senate (30 seats - 10 appointed by
                                        the House of Assembly and 20
                                        appointed by the monarch; members
                                        serve five-year terms) and the House
                                        of Assembly (65 seats - 10 appointed
                                        by the monarch and 55 elected by
                                        popular vote; members serve five-
                                        year terms)
                                        elections: House of Assembly - last
                                        held 16 and 24 October 1998 (next to
                                        be held NA 2003)
                                        election results: House of Assembly
                                        - balloting is done on a nonparty
                                        basis; candidates for election are
                                        nominated by the local council of
                                        each constituency and for each
                                        constituency the three candidates
                                        with the most votes in the first
                                        round of voting are narrowed to a
                                        single winner by a second round
                       Judicial branch: High Court; Court of Appeal; judges
                                        for both courts are appointed by the
                                        monarch
         Political parties and leaders: political parties are banned by the
                                        constitution - the following are
                                        considered political associations -
                                        Imbokodvo National Movement or INM
                                        [leader NA]; Ngwane National
                                        Libertatory Congress or NNLC [Obed
                                        DLAMINI, president]; People's United
                                        Democratic Movement or PUDEMO [Mario
                                        MASUKU, president]; Swaziland
                                        National Front or SWANAFRO [Elmond
                                        SHONGWE, president]
          Political pressure groups and NA
                               leaders:
             International organization ACP, AfDB, C, CCC, ECA, FAO, G-77,
                         participation: IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD,
                                        IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, Interpol, IOC,
                                        ISO (correspondent), ITU, NAM, OAU,
                                        OPCW, PCA, SACU, SADC, UN, UNCTAD,
                                        UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WMO,
                                        WToO, WTrO
   Diplomatic representation in the US: chief of mission: Ambassador Mary
                                        Madzandza KANYA
                                        FAX: [1] (202) 234-8254
                                        telephone: [1] (202) 234-5002
                                        chancery: 1712 New Hampshire Avenue
                                        NW, Washington, DC 20009
     Diplomatic representation from the chief of mission: Ambassador James
                                    US: D. McGEE
                                        embassy: Central Bank Building,
                                        Warner Street, Mbabane
                                        mailing address: P. O. Box 199,
                                        Mbabane
                                        telephone: [268] 404-6441 through
                                        404-6445
                                        FAX: [268] 404-5959
                      Flag description: three horizontal bands of blue
                                        (top), red (triple width), and blue;
                                        the red band is edged in yellow;
                                        centered in the red band is a large
                                        black and white shield covering two
                                        spears and a staff decorated with
                                        feather tassels, all placed
                                        horizontally
  
   Economy Swaziland
   -----------------
                    Economy - overview: In this small landlocked economy,
                                        subsistence agriculture occupies
                                        more than 80% of the population.
                                        Manufacturing features a number of
                                        agroprocessing factories. Mining has
                                        declined in importance in recent
                                        years: diamond mines have shut down
                                        because of the depletion of easily
                                        accessible reserves; high-grade iron
                                        ore deposits were depleted by 1978;
                                        and health concerns have cut world
                                        demand for asbestos. Exports of soft
                                        drink concentrate, sugar, and wood
                                        pulp are the main earners of hard
                                        currency. Surrounded by South
                                        Africa, except for a short border
                                        with Mozambique, Swaziland is
                                        heavily dependent on South Africa
                                        from which it receives nine-tenths
                                        of its imports and to which it sends
                                        more than two-thirds of its exports.
                                        Remittances from the Southern
                                        African Customs Union and Swazi
                                        workers in South African mines
                                        substantially supplement
                                        domestically earned income. The
                                        government is trying to improve the
                                        atmosphere for foreign investment.
                                        Overgrazing, soil depletion,
                                        drought, and sometimes floods
                                        persist as problems for the future.
                                        Prospects for 2002 are strengthened
                                        by the country's status as a
                                        beneficiary of the US African Growth
                                        and Opportunity Act initiative.
                                   GDP: purchasing power parity - $4.6
                                        billion (2001 est.)
                GDP - real growth rate: 2.5% (2001 est.)
                      GDP - per capita: purchasing power parity - $4,200
                                        (2001 est.)
           GDP - composition by sector: agriculture: 10%
                                        industry: 43%
                                        services: 47% (1999 est.)
         Population below poverty line: NA%
     Household income or consumption by lowest 10%: NA%
                      percentage share: highest 10%: NA%
      Inflation rate (consumer prices): 7.5% (2001 est.)
                           Labor force: NA
           Labor force - by occupation: NA
                     Unemployment rate: 34% (2000 est.)
                                Budget: revenues: $448 million
                                        expenditures: $506.9 million,
                                        including capital expenditures of
                                        $147 million (FY01/02)
                            Industries: mining (coal), wood pulp, sugar,
                                        soft drink concentrates, textile and
                                        apparel
     Industrial production growth rate: 3.7% (FY95/96)
              Electricity - production: 362 million kWh (2000)
    Electricity - production by source: fossil fuel: 55.8%
                                        other: 0% (2000)
                                        hydro: 44.2%
                                        nuclear: 0%
             Electricity - consumption: 900.66 million kWh (2000)
                 Electricity - exports: 0 kWh (2000)
                 Electricity - imports: 564 million kWh
                                        note: supplied by South Africa
                                        (2000)
                Agriculture - products: sugarcane, cotton, corn, tobacco,
                                        rice, citrus, pineapples, sorghum,
                                        peanuts; cattle, goats, sheep
                               Exports: $702 million (f.o.b., 2001)
                 Exports - commodities: soft drink concentrates, sugar, wood
                                        pulp, cotton yarn, refrigerators,
                                        citrus and canned fruit
                    Exports - partners: South Africa 72%, EU 12%, UK 6%,
                                        Mozambique 4%, US 4% (1999)
                               Imports: $850 million (f.o.b., 2001)
                 Imports - commodities: motor vehicles, machinery, transport
                                        equipment, foodstuffs, petroleum
                                        products, chemicals
                    Imports - partners: South Africa 89%, EU 5%, Japan 2%,
                                        Singapore 2% (2000)
                       Debt - external: $336 million (2001 est.)
              Economic aid - recipient: $104 million (2001)
                              Currency: lilangeni (SZL)
                         Currency code: SZL
                        Exchange rates: emalangeni per US dollar - 11.5808
                                        (January 2002), 8.4933 (2001),
                                        6.9056 (2000), 6.1087 (1999), 5.4807
                                        (1998), 4.6032 (1997); note - the
                                        Swazi lilangeni is at par with the
                                        South African rand; emalangeni is
                                        the plural form of lilangeni
                           Fiscal year: 1 April - 31 March
  
   Communications Swaziland
   ------------------------
         Telephones - main lines in use: 38,500 (2001)
           Telephones - mobile cellular: 45,000 (2001)
                       Telephone system: general assessment: a somewhat
                                         modern but not an advanced system
                                         domestic: system consists of
                                         carrier-equipped, open-wire lines
                                         and low-capacity, microwave radio
                                         relay
                                         international: satellite earth
                                         station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic
                                         Ocean)
               Radio broadcast stations: AM 3, FM 2 plus 4 repeaters,
                                         shortwave 3 (2001)
                                 Radios: 170,000 (1999)
          Television broadcast stations: 5 plus 7 relay stations (2001)
                            Televisions: 23,000 (2000)
                  Internet country code: .sz
      Internet Service Providers (ISPs): 6 (2001)
                         Internet users: 6,000 (2001)
  
   Transportation Swaziland
   ------------------------
                              Railways: total: 297 km
                                        narrow gauge: 297 km 1.067-m gauge
                                        note: includes 71 km which are not
                                        in use (2001)
                              Highways: total: 3,800 km
                                        paved: 1,064 km
                                        unpaved: 2,736 km (2002)
                             Waterways: none
                     Ports and harbors: none
                              Airports: 18 (2001)
         Airports - with paved runways: total: 1
                                        2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 (2001)
       Airports - with unpaved runways: total: 17
                                        914 to 1,523 m: 7
                                        under 914 m: 10 (2001)
  
   Military Swaziland
   ------------------
                     Military branches: Umbutfo Swaziland Defense Force
                                        (Army), Royal Swaziland Police Force
      Military manpower - availability: males age 15-49: 253,510 (2002 est.)
   Military manpower - fit for military males age 15-49: 146,805 (2002 est.)
                               service:
         Military expenditures - dollar $20 million (FY01/02)
                                figure:
     Military expenditures - percent of 4.75% (FY00/01)
                                   GDP:
  
   Transnational Issues Swaziland
   ------------------------------
              Disputes - international: Swaziland continues to press South
                                        Africa into ceding ethnic Swazi
                                        lands in Kangwane region of KwaZulu-
                                        Natal province that were long ago
                                        part of the Swazi Kingdom
  
                                       



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