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World Gazetteer Results for Teuva:
NameTeuva
Alternate NamesÖstermark
Geographical TypeLocality
Population6092
Latitude
Longitude
CountryFinland
Administrative DivisionEtelä-Pohjanmaa
Dictionary Results for Finland:
1. WordNet® 3.0 (2006)
Finland
    n 1: republic in northern Europe; achieved independence from
         Russia in 1917 [syn: Finland, Republic of Finland,
         Suomi]

2. CIA World Factbook 2002
Finland

   Introduction Finland
   --------------------
                            Background: Ruled by Sweden from the 12th to the
                                        19th centuries and by Russia from
                                        1809, Finland finally won its
                                        independence in 1917. During World
                                        War II, it was able to successfully
                                        defend its freedom and fend off
                                        invasions by the Soviet Union and
                                        Germany. In the subsequent half
                                        century, the Finns have made a
                                        remarkable transformation from a
                                        farm/forest economy to a diversified
                                        modern industrial economy; per
                                        capita income is now on par with
                                        Western Europe. As a member of the
                                        European Union, Finland was the only
                                        Nordic state to join the euro system
                                        at its initiation in January 1999.
  
   Geography Finland
   -----------------
                              Location: Northern Europe, bordering the
                                        Baltic Sea, Gulf of Bothnia, and
                                        Gulf of Finland, between Sweden and
                                        Russia
                Geographic coordinates: 64 00 N, 26 00 E
                        Map references: Europe
                                  Area: total: 337,030 sq km
                                        water: 31,560 sq km
                                        land: 305,470 sq km
                    Area - comparative: slightly smaller than Montana
                       Land boundaries: total: 2,628 km
                                        border countries: Norway 729 km,
                                        Sweden 586 km, Russia 1,313 km
                             Coastline: 1,126 km (excludes islands and
                                        coastal indentations)
                       Maritime claims: continental shelf: 200-m depth or to
                                        the depth of exploitation
                                        exclusive fishing zone: 12 NM;
                                        extends to continental shelf
                                        boundary with Sweden
                                        territorial sea: 12 NM (in the Gulf
                                        of Finland - 3 NM)
                               Climate: cold temperate; potentially
                                        subarctic, but comparatively mild
                                        because of moderating influence of
                                        the North Atlantic Current, Baltic
                                        Sea, and more than 60,000 lakes
                               Terrain: mostly low, flat to rolling plains
                                        interspersed with lakes and low
                                        hills
                    Elevation extremes: lowest point: Baltic Sea 0 m
                                        highest point: Halti 1,328 m
                     Natural resources: timber, copper, zinc, iron ore,
                                        silver
                              Land use: arable land: 6.98%
                                        permanent crops: 0.01%
                                        other: 93.01% (1998 est.)
                        Irrigated land: 640 sq km (1998 est.)
                       Natural hazards: NA
          Environment - current issues: air pollution from manufacturing and
                                        power plants contributing to acid
                                        rain; water pollution from
                                        industrial wastes, agricultural
                                        chemicals; habitat loss threatens
                                        wildlife populations
            Environment - international party to: Air Pollution, Air
                            agreements: Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air
                                        Pollution-Sulphur 85, Air Pollution-
                                        Sulphur 94, Air Pollution-Volatile
                                        Organic Compounds, Antarctic-
                                        Environmental Protocol, Antarctic-
                                        Marine Living Resources, Antarctic
                                        Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate
                                        Change, Desertification, Endangered
                                        Species, Environmental Modification,
                                        Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea,
                                        Marine Dumping, Marine Life
                                        Conservation, Nuclear Test Ban,
                                        Ozone Layer Protection, Ship
                                        Pollution, Tropical Timber 83,
                                        Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands,
                                        Whaling
                                        signed, but not ratified: Air
                                        Pollution-Persistent Organic
                                        Pollutants, Climate Change-Kyoto
                                        Protocol
                      Geography - note: long boundary with Russia; Helsinki
                                        is northernmost national capital on
                                        European continent; population
                                        concentrated on small southwestern
                                        coastal plain
  
   People Finland
   --------------
                            Population: 5,183,545 (July 2002 est.)
                         Age structure: 0-14 years: 17.9% (male 471,920;
                                        female 454,082)
                                        15-64 years: 66.9% (male 1,752,493;
                                        female 1,717,544)
                                        65 years and over: 15.2% (male
                                        306,216; female 481,290) (2002 est.)
                Population growth rate: 0.14% (2002 est.)
                            Birth rate: 10.6 births/1,000 population (2002
                                        est.)
                            Death rate: 9.78 deaths/1,000 population (2002
                                        est.)
                    Net migration rate: 0.62 migrant(s)/1,000 population
                                        (2002 est.)
                             Sex ratio: at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female
                                        under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female
                                        15-64 years: 1.02 male(s)/female
                                        65 years and over: 0.64 male(s)/
                                        female
                                        total population: 0.95 male(s)/
                                        female (2002 est.)
                 Infant mortality rate: 3.76 deaths/1,000 live births (2002
                                        est.)
              Life expectancy at birth: total population: 77.75 years
                                        female: 81.52 years (2002 est.)
                                        male: 74.1 years
                  Total fertility rate: 1.7 children born/woman (2002 est.)
      HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate: 0.05% (1999 est.)
     HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/ 1,100 (1999 est.)
                                  AIDS:
                     HIV/AIDS - deaths: less than 100 (1999 est.)
                           Nationality: noun: Finn(s)
                                        adjective: Finnish
                         Ethnic groups: Finn 93%, Swede 6%, Sami 0.11%, Roma
                                        0.12%, Tatar 0.02%
                             Religions: Evangelical Lutheran 89%, Russian
                                        Orthodox 1%, none 9%, other 1%
                             Languages: Finnish 93.4% (official), Swedish
                                        5.9% (official), small Lapp- and
                                        Russian-speaking minorities
                              Literacy: definition: age 15 and over can read
                                        and write
                                        total population: 100% (1980 est.)
                                        male: NA%
                                        female: NA%
  
   Government Finland
   ------------------
                          Country name: conventional long form: Republic of
                                        Finland
                                        conventional short form: Finland
                                        local short form: Suomi
                                        local long form: Suomen Tasavalta
                       Government type: republic
                               Capital: Helsinki
              Administrative divisions: 6 provinces (laanit, singular -
                                        laani); Aland, Etela-Suomen Laani,
                                        Ita-Suomen Laani, Lansi-Suomen
                                        Laani, Lappi, Oulun Laani
                          Independence: 6 December 1917 (from Russia)
                      National holiday: Independence Day, 6 December (1917)
                          Constitution: 17 July 1919
                          Legal system: civil law system based on Swedish
                                        law; Supreme Court may request
                                        legislation interpreting or
                                        modifying laws; accepts compulsory
                                        ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations
                              Suffrage: 18 years of age; universal
                      Executive branch: chief of state: President Tarja
                                        HALONEN (since 1 March 2000)
                                        head of government: Prime Minister
                                        Paavo LIPPONEN (since 13 April 1995)
                                        and Deputy Prime Minister Ville
                                        ITALA (since 31 August 2001)
                                        cabinet: Council of State or
                                        Valtioneuvosto appointed by the
                                        president, responsible to Parliament
  
                                        elections: president elected by
                                        popular vote for a six-year term;
                                        election last held 6 February 2000
                                        (next to be held NA February 2006);
                                        prime minister and deputy prime
                                        minister appointed from the majority
                                        party by the president after
                                        parliamentary elections
                                        note: government coalition - SDP,
                                        Kok, Leftist Alliance (People's
                                        Democratic Union and Democratic
                                        Alternative), SFP, and Green League
                                        election results: Tarja HALONEN
                                        elected president; percent of vote -
                                        Tarja HALONEN (SDP) 51.6%, Esko AHO
                                        (Kesk) 48.4%
                    Legislative branch: unicameral Parliament or Eduskunta
                                        (200 seats; members are elected by
                                        popular vote on a proportional basis
                                        to serve four-year terms)
                                        election results: percent of vote by
                                        party - SDP 22.9%, Kesk 22.5%, Kok
                                        21.0%, Leftist Alliance (Communist)
                                        10.9%, SFP 5.1%, Green League 7.2%,
                                        SKL 4.2%; seats by party - SDP 51,
                                        Kesk 48, Kok 46, Leftist Alliance
                                        (Communist) 20, SFP 11, Green League
                                        11, SKL 10, other 3
                                        elections: last held 21 March 1999
                                        (next to be held NA March 2003)
                       Judicial branch: Supreme Court or Korkein Oikeus
                                        (judges appointed by the president)
         Political parties and leaders: Center Party or Kesk [Esko AHO];
                                        Finnish Christian Democratic Party
                                        or SKL [C. P. Bjarne KALLIS]; Green
                                        League [Osmo SOININVAARA]; Leftist
                                        Alliance (Communist) composed of
                                        People's Democratic League and
                                        Democratic Alternative [Suvi-Anne
                                        SIIMES]; National Coalition
                                        (conservative) Party or Kok [Ville
                                        ITALA]; Social Democratic Party or
                                        SDP [Paavo LIPPONEN]; Swedish
                                        People's Party or SFP [Jan-Erik
                                        ENESTAM]; True Finns [Timo SOINI]
             International organization AfDB, AsDB, Australia Group, BIS,
                         participation: CBSS, CCC, CE, CERN, EAPC, EBRD,
                                        ECE, EIB, EMU, ESA, EU, FAO, G- 9,
                                        IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICFTU,
                                        ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS,
                                        IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC,
                                        IOM, ISO, ITU, NAM (guest), NC, NEA,
                                        NIB, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD,
                                        OPCW, OSCE, PCA, PFP, UN, UNCTAD,
                                        UNESCO, UNFICYP, UNHCR, UNIDO,
                                        UNIFIL, UNIKOM, UNMEE, UNMIBH,
                                        UNMIK, UNMOGIP, UNMOP, UNMOVIC,
                                        UNTSO, UPU, WEU (observer), WFTU,
                                        WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTrO, ZC
   Diplomatic representation in the US: chief of mission: Ambassador Jukka
                                        Robert VALTASAARI
                                        consulate(s) general: Los Angeles
                                        and New York
                                        FAX: [1] (202) 298-6030
                                        telephone: [1] (202) 298-5800
                                        chancery: 3301 Massachusetts Avenue
                                        NW, Washington, DC 20008
     Diplomatic representation from the chief of mission: Ambassador Bonnie
                                    US: McELVEEN-HUNTER
                                        embassy: Itainen Puistotie 14B, FIN-
                                        00140, Helsinki
                                        mailing address: APO AE 09723
                                        telephone: [358] (9) 171931
                                        FAX: [358] (9) 174681
                      Flag description: white with a blue cross extending to
                                        the edges of the flag; the vertical
                                        part of the cross is shifted to the
                                        hoist side in the style of the
                                        Dannebrog (Danish flag)
  
   Economy Finland
   ---------------
                    Economy - overview: Finland has a highly industrialized,
                                        largely free-market economy, with
                                        per capita output roughly that of
                                        the UK, France, Germany, and Italy.
                                        Its key economic sector is
                                        manufacturing - principally the
                                        wood, metals, engineering,
                                        telecommunications, and electronics
                                        industries. Trade is important, with
                                        exports equaling almost one-third of
                                        GDP. Except for timber and several
                                        minerals, Finland depends on imports
                                        of raw materials, energy, and some
                                        components for manufactured goods.
                                        Because of the climate, agricultural
                                        development is limited to
                                        maintaining self-sufficiency in
                                        basic products. Forestry, an
                                        important export earner, provides a
                                        secondary occupation for the rural
                                        population. Rapidly increasing
                                        integration with Western Europe -
                                        Finland was one of the 11 countries
                                        joining the euro monetary system
                                        (EMU) on 1 January 1999 - will
                                        dominate the economic picture over
                                        the next several years. Growth in
                                        2001 was held back by the global
                                        slowdown and will likely be anemic
                                        again in 2002.
                                   GDP: purchasing power parity - $133.5
                                        billion (2001 est.)
                GDP - real growth rate: 0.6% (2001 est.)
                      GDP - per capita: purchasing power parity - $25,800
                                        (2001 est.)
           GDP - composition by sector: agriculture: 3%
                                        industry: 28%
                                        services: 69% (2000)
         Population below poverty line: NA%
     Household income or consumption by lowest 10%: 4.2%
                      percentage share: highest 10%: 21.6% (1991)
   Distribution of family income - Gini 25.6 (1991)
                                 index:
      Inflation rate (consumer prices): 2.6% (2001 est.)
                           Labor force: 2.6 million (2000 est.)
           Labor force - by occupation: public services 32%, industry 22%,
                                        commerce 14%, finance, insurance,
                                        and business services 10%,
                                        agriculture and forestry 8%,
                                        transport and communications 8%,
                                        construction 6%
                     Unemployment rate: 9.4% (2001 est.)
                                Budget: revenues: $36.1 billion
                                        expenditures: $31 billion, including
                                        capital expenditures of $NA (2000
                                        est.)
                            Industries: metal products, electronics,
                                        shipbuilding, pulp and paper, copper
                                        refining, foodstuffs, chemicals,
                                        textiles, clothing
     Industrial production growth rate: 5.1% (2001)
              Electricity - production: 75.356 billion kWh (2000)
    Electricity - production by source: fossil fuel: 40.86%
                                        hydro: 19.22%
                                        other: 11.6% (2000)
                                        nuclear: 28.32%
             Electricity - consumption: 81.961 billion kWh (2000)
                 Electricity - exports: 326 million kWh (2000)
                 Electricity - imports: 12.206 billion kWh (2000)
                Agriculture - products: barley, wheat, sugar beets,
                                        potatoes; dairy cattle; fish
                               Exports: $40.1 billion (f.o.b., 2001)
                 Exports - commodities: machinery and equipment, chemicals,
                                        metals; timber, paper, pulp
                    Exports - partners: Germany 12.5%, Sweden 9.3%, UK 9.1%,
                                        US 7.4%, France 5.2%, Italy 4.4%
                                        (2000)
                               Imports: $31.2 billion (f.o.b., 2001)
                 Imports - commodities: foodstuffs, petroleum and petroleum
                                        products, chemicals, transport
                                        equipment, iron and steel,
                                        machinery, textile yarn and fabrics,
                                        grains
                    Imports - partners: Germany 14.2%, Sweden 10.3%, Russia
                                        9.4%, US 7.1%, UK 6.4%, Japan 5.3%
                                        (2000)
                       Debt - external: $30 billion (December 1993)
                  Economic aid - donor: ODA, $379 million (1997)
                              Currency: markka (FIM); euro (EUR)
                                        note: on 1 January 1999, the
                                        European Monetary Union introduced
                                        the euro as a common currency to be
                                        used by financial institutions of
                                        member countries; on 1 January 2002,
                                        the euro became the sole currency
                                        for everyday transactions within the
                                        member countries
                         Currency code: FIM; EUR
                        Exchange rates: euros per US dollar - 1.1324
                                        (January 2002), 1.1175 (2001),
                                        1.0854 (2000), 0.9386 (1999);
                                        markkaa per US dollar - 5.3441
                                        (1998), 5.1914 (1997)
                           Fiscal year: calendar year
  
   Communications Finland
   ----------------------
        Telephones - main lines in use: 2.861 million (1997)
          Telephones - mobile cellular: 2,162,574 (1997)
                      Telephone system: general assessment: modern system
                                        with excellent service
                                        domestic: cable, microwave radio
                                        relay, and an extensive cellular net
                                        provide domestic needs
                                        international: 1 submarine cable;
                                        satellite earth stations - access to
                                        Intelsat transmission service via a
                                        Swedish satellite earth station, 1
                                        Inmarsat (Atlantic and Indian Ocean
                                        regions); note - Finland shares the
                                        Inmarsat earth station with the
                                        other Nordic countries (Denmark,
                                        Iceland, Norway, and Sweden)
              Radio broadcast stations: AM 2, FM 186, shortwave 1 (1998)
                                Radios: 7.7 million (1997)
         Television broadcast stations: 130 (plus 385 repeaters) (1995)
                           Televisions: 3.2 million (1997)
                 Internet country code: .fi
     Internet Service Providers (ISPs): 23 (2000)
                        Internet users: 2.27 million (2000)
  
   Transportation Finland
   ----------------------
                              Railways: total: 5,865 km
                                        broad gauge: 5,865 km 1.524-m gauge
                                        (2,234 km electrified; 480 km
                                        double- or multiple-track) (2000
                                        est.)
                              Highways: total: 77,831 km
                                        paved: 49,789 km (including 444 km
                                        of expressways)
                                        unpaved: 28,042 km (1999)
                             Waterways: 6,675 km
                                        note: includes Saimaa Canal; 3,700
                                        km suitable for large ships
                             Pipelines: natural gas 580 km
                     Ports and harbors: Hamina, Helsinki, Kokkola, Kotka,
                                        Loviisa, Oulu, Pori, Rauma, Turku,
                                        Uusikaupunki, Varkaus
                       Merchant marine: total: 98 ships (1,000 GRT or over)
                                        totaling 1,172,404 GRT/1,144,139 DWT
  
                                        ships by type: bulk 9, cargo 26,
                                        chemical tanker 5, passenger 1,
                                        petroleum tanker 11, roll on/roll
                                        off 36, short-sea passenger 10
                                        note: includes some foreign-owned
                                        ships registered here as a flag of
                                        convenience: Germany 1, Sweden 1
                                        (2002 est.)
                              Airports: 160 (2001)
         Airports - with paved runways: total: 73
                                        over 3,047 m: 3
                                        2,438 to 3,047 m: 26
                                        1,524 to 2,437 m: 10
                                        914 to 1,523 m: 22
                                        under 914 m: 12 (2001)
       Airports - with unpaved runways: total: 87
                                        914 to 1,523 m: 5
                                        under 914 m: 82 (2001)
  
   Military Finland
   ----------------
                       Military branches: Army, Navy, Air Force, Frontier
                                          Guard (including Sea Guard)
        Military manpower - military age: 17 years of age (2002 est.)
        Military manpower - availability: males age 15-49: 1,240,762 (2002
                                          est.)
     Military manpower - fit for military males age 15-49: 1,024,379 (2002
                                 service: est.)
             Military manpower - reaching males: 33,883 (2002 est.)
                   military age annually:
           Military expenditures - dollar $1.8 billion (FY98/99)
                                  figure:
       Military expenditures - percent of 2% (FY98/99)
                                     GDP:
  
   Transnational Issues Finland
   ----------------------------
                                              Disputes - international: none
  
                                       



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