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World Gazetteer Results for Slobozia:
NameSlobozia
Geographical TypeRaion
Population92421
CountryMoldova
Dictionary Results for Moldova:
1. WordNet® 3.0 (2006)
Moldova
    n 1: a landlocked republic in eastern Europe; formerly a
         European soviet but achieved independence in 1991 [syn:
         Moldova, Republic of Moldova, Moldavia]

2. CIA World Factbook 2002
Moldova

   Introduction Moldova
   --------------------
                            Background: Formerly ruled by Romania, Moldova
                                        became part of the Soviet Union at
                                        the close of World War II. Although
                                        independent from the USSR since
                                        1991, Russian forces have remained
                                        on Moldovan territory east of the
                                        Dniester River supporting the Slavic
                                        majority population, mostly
                                        Ukrainians and Russians, who have
                                        proclaimed a "Transnistria"
                                        republic. One of the poorest nations
                                        in Europe, Moldova became the first
                                        former Soviet state to elect a
                                        Communist as its president in 2001.
  
   Geography Moldova
   -----------------
                              Location: Eastern Europe, northeast of Romania
                Geographic coordinates: 47 00 N, 29 00 E
                        Map references: Europe
                                  Area: total: 33,843 sq km
                                        water: 472 sq km
                                        land: 33,371 sq km
                    Area - comparative: slightly larger than Maryland
                       Land boundaries: total: 1,389 km
                                        border countries: Romania 450 km,
                                        Ukraine 939 km
                             Coastline: 0 km (landlocked)
                       Maritime claims: none (landlocked)
                               Climate: moderate winters, warm summers
                               Terrain: rolling steppe, gradual slope south
                                        to Black Sea
                    Elevation extremes: lowest point: Dniester River 2 m
                                        highest point: Dealul Balanesti 430
                                        m
                     Natural resources: lignite, phosphorites, gypsum,
                                        arable land, limestone
                              Land use: arable land: 54.08%
                                        permanent crops: 12.1%
                                        other: 33.82% (1998 est.)
                        Irrigated land: 3,070 sq km (1998 est.)
                       Natural hazards: landslides (57 cases in 1998)
          Environment - current issues: heavy use of agricultural chemicals,
                                        including banned pesticides such as
                                        DDT, has contaminated soil and
                                        groundwater; extensive soil erosion
                                        from poor farming methods
            Environment - international party to: Air Pollution,
                            agreements: Biodiversity, Climate Change,
                                        Desertification, Endangered Species,
                                        Hazardous Wastes, Ozone Layer
                                        Protection, Wetlands
                                        signed, but not ratified: Air
                                        Pollution-Persistent Organic
                                        Pollutants
                      Geography - note: landlocked; well endowed with
                                        various sedimentary rocks and
                                        minerals including sand, gravel,
                                        gypsum, and limestone
  
   People Moldova
   --------------
                            Population: 4,434,547 (July 2002 est.)
                         Age structure: 0-14 years: 21.7% (male 490,414;
                                        female 472,912)
                                        15-64 years: 68.2% (male 1,451,962;
                                        female 1,572,561)
                                        65 years and over: 10.1% (male
                                        165,860; female 280,838) (2002 est.)
                Population growth rate: 0.09% (2002 est.)
                            Birth rate: 13.82 births/1,000 population (2002
                                        est.)
                            Death rate: 12.64 deaths/1,000 population (2002
                                        est.)
                    Net migration rate: -0.28 migrant(s)/1,000 population
                                        (2002 est.)
                             Sex ratio: at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female
                                        under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female
                                        15-64 years: 0.92 male(s)/female
                                        65 years and over: 0.59 male(s)/
                                        female
                                        total population: 0.91 male(s)/
                                        female (2002 est.)
                 Infant mortality rate: 42.16 deaths/1,000 live births (2002
                                        est.)
              Life expectancy at birth: total population: 64.74 years
                                        female: 69.31 years (2002 est.)
                                        male: 60.39 years
                  Total fertility rate: 1.71 children born/woman (2002 est.)
      HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate: 0.2% (1999 est.)
     HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/ 4,500 (1999 est.)
                                  AIDS:
                     HIV/AIDS - deaths: less than 100 (1999 est.)
                           Nationality: noun: Moldovan(s)
                                        adjective: Moldovan
                         Ethnic groups: Moldovan/Romanian 64.5%, Ukrainian
                                        13.8%, Russian 13%, Jewish 1.5%,
                                        Bulgarian 2%, Gagauz and other 5.2%
                                        (1989 est.)
                                        note: internal disputes with ethnic
                                        Slavs in the Transnistrian region
                             Religions: Eastern Orthodox 98.5%, Jewish 1.5%,
                                        Baptist (only about 1,000 members)
                                        (1991)
                             Languages: Moldovan (official, virtually the
                                        same as the Romanian language),
                                        Russian (official), Gagauz (a
                                        Turkish dialect)
                              Literacy: definition: age 15 and over can read
                                        and write
                                        total population: 96%
                                        male: 99%
                                        female: 94% (1989 est.)
  
   Government Moldova
   ------------------
                          Country name: conventional long form: Republic of
                                        Moldova
                                        conventional short form: Moldova
                                        local short form: none
                                        former: Soviet Socialist Republic of
                                        Moldova; Moldavia
                                        local long form: Republica Moldova
                       Government type: republic
                               Capital: Chisinau
              Administrative divisions: 9 counties (juletule, singular -
                                        juletul), 1 municipality*
                                        (municipiul), 1 autonomous
                                        territorial unit** (unitate
                                        teritoriala autonoma), and 1
                                        territorial unit*** (unitate
                                        teritoriala); Balti, Cahul,
                                        Chisinau, Chisinau*, Edinet,
                                        Gagauzia**, Lapusna, Orhei, Soroca,
                                        Stinga Nistrului***, Tighina,
                                        Ungheni
                          Independence: 27 August 1991 (from Soviet Union)
                      National holiday: Independence Day, 27 August (1991)
                          Constitution: new constitution adopted 28 July
                                        1994; replaces old Soviet
                                        constitution of 1979
                          Legal system: based on civil law system;
                                        Constitutional Court reviews
                                        legality of legislative acts and
                                        governmental decisions of
                                        resolution; it is unclear if Moldova
                                        accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
                                        but accepts many UN and Organization
                                        for Security and Cooperation in
                                        Europe (OSCE) documents
                              Suffrage: 18 years of age; universal
                      Executive branch: chief of state: President Vladimir
                                        VORONIN (since 4 April 2001)
                                        head of government: Prime Minister
                                        Vasile TARLEV (since 15 April 2001),
                                        First Deputy Prime Minister Vasile
                                        IOVV (since NA 2002), Deputy Prime
                                        Minister Stefan ODAGIU (since NA
                                        2002)
                                        cabinet: selected by prime minister,
                                        subject to approval of Parliament
                                        elections: president elected by
                                        Parliament for a four-year term;
                                        election last held 4 April 2001
                                        (next to be held NA 2005); note -
                                        presidential elections were
                                        scheduled for December 2000, but in
                                        July 2000, Parliament canceled
                                        direct, popular elections;
                                        Parliament's failure to chose a new
                                        president in December 2000 led to
                                        early parliamentary elections in
                                        February 2001; prime minister
                                        designated by the president, upon
                                        consultation with Parliament; note -
                                        within 15 days from designation, the
                                        prime minister-designate must
                                        request a vote of confidence from
                                        the Parliament regarding his/her
                                        work program and entire cabinet;
                                        prime minister designated 15 April
                                        2001, cabinet received a vote of
                                        confidence 19 April 2001
                                        election results: Vladimir VORONIN
                                        elected president; parliamentary
                                        votes - Vladimir VORONIN 71, Dumitru
                                        BRAGHIS 15, Valerian CHRISTEA 3;
                                        Vasile TARLEV designated prime
                                        minister; parliamentary votes of
                                        confidence - 75 of 101
                    Legislative branch: unicameral Parliament or Parlamentul
                                        (101 seats; parties and electoral
                                        blocs, as well as independent
                                        candidates, elected by popular vote
                                        to serve four-year terms)
                                        elections: last held 25 February
                                        2001 (next to be held NA 2005)
                                        election results: percent of vote by
                                        party - PCM 50.1%, Braghis Alliance
                                        13.4%, PPCD 8.2%, other parties
                                        28.3%; seats by party - PCM 71,
                                        Braghis Alliance 19, PPCD 11
                       Judicial branch: Supreme Court; Constitutional Court
                                        (the sole authority for
                                        constitutional judicature)
         Political parties and leaders: Braghis Alliance [Dumitru BRAGHIS];
                                        Communist Party or PCM [Vladimir
                                        VORONIN, first chairman]; Popular
                                        Christian Democratic Party or PPCD
                                        [Iurie ROSCA]; Social Democratic
                                        Union (composed of Braghis Alliance
                                        and the Democratic Party of Moldova)
                                        [leader NA]
          Political pressure groups and NA
                               leaders:
             International organization ACCT, BIS, BSEC, CCC, CE, CEI, CIS,
                         participation: EAPC, EBRD, ECE, FAO, IAEA, IBRD,
                                        ICAO, ICFTU, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS,
                                        ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM
                                        (observer), ISO (correspondent),
                                        ITU, OPCW, OSCE, PFP, UN, UNCTAD,
                                        UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WMO,
                                        WToO, WTrO
   Diplomatic representation in the US: chief of mission: Ambassador Mihai
                                        MANOLI
                                        FAX: [1] (202) 667-1204
                                        telephone: [1] (202) 667-1130
                                        chancery: 2101 S Street NW,
                                        Washington, DC 20008
     Diplomatic representation from the chief of mission: Ambassador Pamela
                                    US: Hyde SMITH
                                        embassy: 103 Mateevicie Street,
                                        Chisinau 2009
                                        mailing address: use embassy street
                                        address; pouch address - American
                                        Embassy Chisinau, Department of
                                        State, Washington, DC 20521-7080
                                        telephone: [373] (2) 23-37-72
                                        FAX: [373] (2) 23-30-44
                      Flag description: same color scheme as Romania - three
                                        equal vertical bands of blue (hoist
                                        side), yellow, and red; emblem in
                                        center of flag is of a Roman eagle
                                        of gold outlined in black with a red
                                        beak and talons carrying a yellow
                                        cross in its beak and a green olive
                                        branch in its right talons and a
                                        yellow scepter in its left talons;
                                        on its breast is a shield divided
                                        horizontally red over blue with a
                                        stylized ox head, star, rose, and
                                        crescent all in black-outlined
                                        yellow
  
   Economy Moldova
   ---------------
                    Economy - overview: Moldova enjoys a favorable climate
                                        and good farmland but has no major
                                        mineral deposits. As a result, the
                                        economy depends heavily on
                                        agriculture, featuring fruits,
                                        vegetables, wine, and tobacco.
                                        Moldova must import all of its
                                        supplies of oil, coal, and natural
                                        gas, largely from Russia. Energy
                                        shortages contributed to sharp
                                        production declines after the
                                        breakup of the Soviet Union in 1991.
                                        As part of an ambitious reform
                                        effort, Moldova introduced a
                                        convertible currency, freed all
                                        prices, stopped issuing preferential
                                        credits to state enterprises, backed
                                        steady land privatization, removed
                                        export controls, and freed interest
                                        rates. Yet these efforts could not
                                        offset the impact of political and
                                        economic difficulties, both internal
                                        and regional. In 1998, the economic
                                        troubles of Russia, by far Moldova's
                                        leading trade partner, were a major
                                        cause of the 8.6% drop in GDP. In
                                        1999, GDP fell again, by 4.4%, the
                                        fifth drop in the past seven years;
                                        exports were down, and energy
                                        supplies continued to be erratic.
                                        Following the return to positive GDP
                                        growth in 2000 (1.9%), Moldova
                                        experienced strong 6.1% rise in GDP
                                        in 2001, driven by a marked
                                        improvement in industry and a 20%
                                        improvement in agriculture.
                                   GDP: purchasing power parity - $11.3
                                        billion (2001 est.)
                GDP - real growth rate: 6.1% (2001 est.)
                      GDP - per capita: purchasing power parity - $2,550
                                        (2001 est.)
           GDP - composition by sector: agriculture: 28%
                                        industry: 21%
                                        services: 51% (2000)
         Population below poverty line: 80% (2001 est.)
     Household income or consumption by lowest 10%: 2.2%
                      percentage share: highest 10%: 30.7% (1997)
   Distribution of family income - Gini 40.6 (1997)
                                 index:
      Inflation rate (consumer prices): 9.6% (2001 est.)
                           Labor force: 1.7 million (1998)
           Labor force - by occupation: agriculture 40%, industry 14%,
                                        services 46% (1998)
                     Unemployment rate: 1.9% (includes only officially
                                        registered unemployed; large numbers
                                        of underemployed workers; 25% of
                                        working age Moldovans are employed
                                        abroad) (November 2000)
                                Budget: revenues: $536 million
                                        expenditures: $594 million,
                                        including capital expenditures of
                                        $NA (1998 est.)
                            Industries: food processing, agricultural
                                        machinery, foundry equipment,
                                        refrigerators and freezers, washing
                                        machines, hosiery, sugar, vegetable
                                        oil, shoes, textiles
     Industrial production growth rate: 14.2% (2001 est.)
              Electricity - production: 3.317 billion kWh (2000)
    Electricity - production by source: fossil fuel: 90.44%
                                        hydro: 9.56%
                                        other: 0% (2000)
                                        nuclear: 0%
             Electricity - consumption: 3.655 billion kWh (2000)
                 Electricity - exports: 630 million kWh (2000)
                 Electricity - imports: 1.2 billion kWh (2000)
                Agriculture - products: vegetables, fruits, wine, grain,
                                        sugar beets, sunflower seed,
                                        tobacco; beef, milk
                               Exports: $580 million (f.o.b., 2001)
                 Exports - commodities: foodstuffs 42%, textiles and
                                        footwear, machinery (2000)
                    Exports - partners: Russia 45%, Romania 8%, Germany 8%,
                                        Ukraine 8%, Italy 8% (2000)
                               Imports: $865 million (f.o.b., 2001)
                 Imports - commodities: mineral products and fuel 32%,
                                        machinery and equipment, chemicals,
                                        textiles (2000)
                    Imports - partners: Romania 16%, Ukraine 14%, Russia
                                        13%, Germany 11%, Italy 6% (2000)
                       Debt - external: $700 million (2001)
              Economic aid - recipient: $100.8 million (1995); note - $547
                                        million from the IMF and World Bank
                                        (1992-99)
                              Currency: Moldovan leu (MDL)
                         Currency code: MDL
                        Exchange rates: lei per US dollar - 12.8579 (October
                                        2001), 12.4342 (2000), 10.5158
                                        (1999), 5.3707 (1998), 4.6236
                                        (1997); note - lei is the plural
                                        form of leu
                           Fiscal year: calendar year
  
   Communications Moldova
   ----------------------
        Telephones - main lines in use: 627,000 (1997)
          Telephones - mobile cellular: 2,200 (1997)
                      Telephone system: general assessment: inadequate,
                                        outmoded, poor service outside
                                        Chisinau, some effort to modernize
                                        is under way
                                        domestic: new subscribers face long
                                        wait for service; mobile cellular
                                        telephone service being introduced
                                        international: service through
                                        Romania and Russia via landline;
                                        satellite earth stations - Intelsat,
                                        Eutelsat, and Intersputnik
              Radio broadcast stations: AM 7, FM 50, shortwave 3 (1998)
                                Radios: 3.22 million (1997)
         Television broadcast stations: 1 (plus 30 repeaters) (1995)
                           Televisions: 1.26 million (1997)
                 Internet country code: .md
     Internet Service Providers (ISPs): 2 (1999)
                        Internet users: 15,000 (2000)
  
   Transportation Moldova
   ----------------------
                              Railways: total: 1,328 km
                                        broad gauge: 1,328 km 1.520-m gauge
                                        (2001)
                              Highways: total: 20,000 km
                                        paved: 13,900 km (includes some all-
                                        weather gravel-surfaced roads)
                                        unpaved: 6,100 km (these roads are
                                        made of unstabilized earth and are
                                        difficult to negotiate in wet
                                        weather) (1990)
                             Waterways: 424 km (1994)
                             Pipelines: natural gas 310 km (1992)
                     Ports and harbors: none
                              Airports: 30 (2001)
         Airports - with paved runways: total: 7
                                        over 3,047 m: 1
                                        2,438 to 3,047 m: 2
                                        1,524 to 2,437 m: 3
                                        under 914 m: 1 (2001)
       Airports - with unpaved runways: total: 23
                                        2,438 to 3,047 m: 4
                                        1,524 to 2,437 m: 1
                                        914 to 1,523 m: 4
                                        under 914 m: 14 (2001)
  
   Military Moldova
   ----------------
                     Military branches: Ground Forces (includes Air and Air
                                        Defense Forces), Republic Security
                                        Forces (includes paramilitary
                                        Internal Troops and Border Troops)
      Military manpower - military age: 18 years of age (2002 est.)
      Military manpower - availability: males age 15-49: 1,172,714 (2002
                                        est.)
   Military manpower - fit for military males age 15-49: 929,316 (2002 est.)
                               service:
           Military manpower - reaching males: 42,268 (2002 est.)
                 military age annually:
         Military expenditures - dollar $6 million (FY01)
                                figure:
     Military expenditures - percent of 0.4% (FY01)
                                   GDP:
  
   Transnational Issues Moldova
   ----------------------------
              Disputes - international: Moldovan difficulties with break-
                                        away Transnistria region inhibit
                                        establishment of a joint customs
                                        regime with Ukraine to curtail
                                        smuggling, arms transfers, and other
                                        illegal activities
                         Illicit drugs: limited cultivation of opium poppy
                                        and cannabis, mostly for CIS
                                        consumption; transshipment point for
                                        illicit drugs from Southwest Asia
                                        via Central Asia to Russia, Western
                                        Europe, and possibly the US
  
                                       



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