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World Gazetteer Results for Marsassoum:
NameMarsassoum
Geographical TypeLocality
Population6817
Latitude
Longitude
CountrySenegal
Administrative DivisionKolda
3rd Administrative DivisionPuy-de-Dôme
Dictionary Results for Senegal:
1. WordNet® 3.0 (2006)
Senegal
    n 1: a republic in northwestern Africa on the coast of the
         Atlantic; formerly a French colony but achieved
         independence in 1960 [syn: Senegal, Republic of
         Senegal]

2. The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48
Senegal \Sen"e*gal\, n.
   Gum senegal. See under Gum.
   [1913 Webster]

3. CIA World Factbook 2002
Senegal

   Introduction Senegal
   --------------------
                            Background: Independent from France in 1960,
                                        Senegal joined with The Gambia to
                                        form the nominal confederation of
                                        Senegambia in 1982. However, the
                                        envisaged integration of the two
                                        countries was never carried out, and
                                        the union was dissolved in 1989.
                                        Despite peace talks, a southern
                                        separatist group sporadically has
                                        clashed with government forces since
                                        1982. Senegal has a long history of
                                        participating in international
                                        peacekeeping.
  
   Geography Senegal
   -----------------
                              Location: Western Africa, bordering the North
                                        Atlantic Ocean, between Guinea-
                                        Bissau and Mauritania
                Geographic coordinates: 14 00 N, 14 00 W
                        Map references: Africa
                                  Area: total: 196,190 sq km
                                        land: 192,000 sq km
                                        water: 4,190 sq km
                    Area - comparative: slightly smaller than South Dakota
                       Land boundaries: total: 2,640 km
                                        border countries: The Gambia 740 km,
                                        Guinea 330 km, Guinea-Bissau 338 km,
                                        Mali 419 km, Mauritania 813 km
                             Coastline: 531 km
                       Maritime claims: contiguous zone: 24 NM
                                        territorial sea: 12 NM
                                        continental shelf: 200 NM or to the
                                        edge of the continental margin
                                        exclusive economic zone: 200 NM
                               Climate: tropical; hot, humid; rainy season
                                        (May to November) has strong
                                        southeast winds; dry season
                                        (December to April) dominated by
                                        hot, dry, harmattan wind
                               Terrain: generally low, rolling, plains
                                        rising to foothills in southeast
                    Elevation extremes: lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m
                                        highest point: unnamed feature near
                                        Nepen Diakha 581 m
                     Natural resources: fish, phosphates, iron ore
                              Land use: arable land: 11.58%
                                        permanent crops: 0.19%
                                        other: 88.23% (1998 est.)
                        Irrigated land: 710 sq km (1998 est.)
                       Natural hazards: lowlands seasonally flooded;
                                        periodic droughts
          Environment - current issues: wildlife populations threatened by
                                        poaching; deforestation;
                                        overgrazing; soil erosion;
                                        desertification; overfishing
            Environment - international party to: Biodiversity, Climate
                            agreements: Change, Climate Change-Kyoto
                                        Protocol, Desertification,
                                        Endangered Species, Hazardous
                                        Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Life
                                        Conservation, Nuclear Test Ban,
                                        Ozone Layer Protection, Ship
                                        Pollution, Wetlands, Whaling
                                        signed, but not ratified: Marine
                                        Dumping
                      Geography - note: westernmost country on the African
                                        continent; The Gambia is almost an
                                        enclave of Senegal
  
   People Senegal
   --------------
                            Population: 10,589,571 (July 2002 est.)
                         Age structure: 0-14 years: 43.5% (male 2,321,789;
                                        female 2,290,105)
                                        15-64 years: 53.4% (male 2,710,178;
                                        female 2,943,554)
                                        65 years and over: 3.1% (male
                                        159,445; female 164,500) (2002 est.)
                Population growth rate: 2.91% (2002 est.)
                            Birth rate: 36.99 births/1,000 population (2002
                                        est.)
                            Death rate: 8.14 deaths/1,000 population (2002
                                        est.)
                    Net migration rate: 0.21 migrant(s)/1,000 population
                                        (2002 est.)
                             Sex ratio: at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female
                                        under 15 years: 1.01 male(s)/female
                                        15-64 years: 0.92 male(s)/female
                                        65 years and over: 0.97 male(s)/
                                        female
                                        total population: 0.96 male(s)/
                                        female (2002 est.)
                 Infant mortality rate: 55.41 deaths/1,000 live births (2002
                                        est.)
              Life expectancy at birth: total population: 62.93 years
                                        female: 64.61 years (2002 est.)
                                        male: 61.29 years
                  Total fertility rate: 5.03 children born/woman (2002 est.)
      HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate: 1.4% (2001 est.)
     HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/ 95,000 (2001 est.)
                                  AIDS:
                     HIV/AIDS - deaths: 10,000 (2001 est.)
                           Nationality: noun: Senegalese (singular and
                                        plural)
                                        adjective: Senegalese
                         Ethnic groups: Wolof 43.3%, Pular 23.8%, Serer
                                        14.7%, Jola 3.7%, Mandinka 3%,
                                        Soninke 1.1%, European and Lebanese
                                        1%, other 9.4%
                             Religions: Muslim 94%, indigenous beliefs 1%,
                                        Christian 5% (mostly Roman Catholic)
                             Languages: French (official), Wolof, Pulaar,
                                        Jola, Mandinka
                              Literacy: definition: age 15 and over can read
                                        and write
                                        total population: 39.1%
                                        male: 51.1%
                                        female: 28.9% (2001 est.)
  
   Government Senegal
   ------------------
                          Country name: conventional long form: Republic of
                                        Senegal
                                        conventional short form: Senegal
                                        local short form: Senegal
                                        local long form: Republique du
                                        Senegal
                       Government type: republic under multiparty democratic
                                        rule
                               Capital: Dakar
              Administrative divisions: 10 regions (regions, singular -
                                        region); Dakar, Diourbel, Fatick,
                                        Kaolack, Kolda, Louga, Saint-Louis,
                                        Tambacounda, Thies, Ziguinchor
                                        note: there may be another region
                                        called Matam
                          Independence: 4 April 1960 (from France); complete
                                        independence was achieved upon
                                        dissolution of federation with Mali
                                        on 20 August 1960
                      National holiday: Independence Day, 4 April (1960)
                          Constitution: a new constitution was adopted 7
                                        January 2001
                          Legal system: based on French civil law system;
                                        judicial review of legislative acts
                                        in Constitutional Court; the Council
                                        of State audits the government's
                                        accounting office; has not accepted
                                        compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
                              Suffrage: 18 years of age; universal
                      Executive branch: chief of state: President Abdoulaye
                                        WADE (since 1 April 2000)
                                        head of government: Prime Minister
                                        Madior BOYE (since 3 March 2001)
                                        cabinet: Council of Ministers
                                        appointed by the prime minister in
                                        consultation with the president
                                        election results: Abdoulaye WADE
                                        elected president; percent of vote
                                        in the second round of voting -
                                        Abdoulaye WADE (PDS) 58.49%, Abdou
                                        DIOUF (PS) 41.51%
                                        elections: president elected by
                                        popular vote for a five-year term
                                        under new constitution; election
                                        last held 27 February and 19 March
                                        2000 (next to be held 27 February
                                        2005); prime minister appointed by
                                        the president
                    Legislative branch: unicameral National Assembly or
                                        Assemblee Nationale (120 seats;
                                        members are elected by direct,
                                        popular vote to serve five-year
                                        terms)
                                        elections: last held 29 April 2001
                                        (next to be held NA 2006)
                                        election results: percent of vote by
                                        party - NA%; seats by party - SOPI
                                        Coalition 89, AFP 11, PS 10, other
                                        10
                                        note: the former National Assembly,
                                        dissolved in the spring of 2001, had
                                        140 seats
                       Judicial branch: Constitutional Court; Council of
                                        State; Court of Final Appeals or
                                        Cour de Cassation; Court of Appeals;
                                        note-the judicial system was
                                        reformed in 1992
         Political parties and leaders: African Party for Democracy and
                                        Socialism or And Jef (also known as
                                        PADS/AJ) [Landing SAVANE, secretary
                                        general]; African Party of
                                        Independence [Majhemout DIOP];
                                        Alliance of Forces of Progress or
                                        AFP [Moustapha NIASSE]; Democratic
                                        and Patriotic Convention or CDP
                                        (also known as Garab-Gi) [Dr. Iba
                                        Der THIAM]; Democratic League-Labor
                                        Party Movement or LD-MPT [Dr.
                                        Abdoulaye BATHILY]; Front for
                                        Socialism and Democracy or FSD
                                        [Cheikh Abdoulaye DIEYE]; Gainde
                                        Centrist Bloc or BGC [Jean-Paul
                                        DIAS]; Independence and Labor Party
                                        or PIT [Amath DANSOKHO]; National
                                        Democratic Rally or RND [Madier
                                        DIOUF]; Senegalese Democratic Party
                                        or PDS [Abdoulaye WADE]; Socialist
                                        Party or PS [Ousmane Tanor DIENG];
                                        SOPI Coalition (a coalition led by
                                        the PDS) [Abdoulaye WADE]; Union for
                                        Democratic Renewal or URD [Djibo
                                        Leyti KA]; other small parties
          Political pressure groups and labor; Muslim brotherhoods;
                               leaders: students; teachers
             International organization ACCT, ACP, AfDB, CCC, ECA, ECOWAS,
                         participation: FAO, FZ, G-15, G-77, IAEA, IBRD,
                                        ICAO, ICC, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IDB,
                                        IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO,
                                        Interpol, IOC, IOM, ITU, MIPONUH,
                                        MONUC, NAM, OAU, OIC, OPCW, PCA, UN,
                                        UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNIKOM,
                                        UNMIBH, UNMIK, UNMOVIC, UPU, WADB
                                        (regional), WAEMU, WCL, WFTU, WHO,
                                        WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO
   Diplomatic representation in the US: chief of mission: Ambassador Mamadou
                                        Mansour SECK
                                        FAX: [1] (202) 332-6315
                                        consulate(s) general: New York
                                        telephone: [1] (202) 234-0540
                                        chancery: 2112 Wyoming Avenue NW,
                                        Washington, DC 20008
     Diplomatic representation from the chief of mission: Ambassador Harriet
                                    US: L. ELAM-THOMAS
                                        embassy: Avenue Jean XXIII at the
                                        corner of Rue Kleber, Dakar
                                        mailing address: B. P. 49, Dakar
                                        telephone: [221] 823-4296, 823-7384
                                        FAX: [221] 822-2991
                      Flag description: three equal vertical bands of green
                                        (hoist side), yellow, and red with a
                                        small green five-pointed star
                                        centered in the yellow band; uses
                                        the popular pan-African colors of
                                        Ethiopia
  
   Economy Senegal
   ---------------
                    Economy - overview: In January 1994, Senegal undertook a
                                        bold and ambitious economic reform
                                        program with the support of the
                                        international donor community. This
                                        reform began with a 50% devaluation
                                        of Senegal's currency, the CFA
                                        franc, which is linked at a fixed
                                        rate to the French franc. Government
                                        price controls and subsidies have
                                        been steadily dismantled. After
                                        seeing its economy contract by 2.1%
                                        in 1993, Senegal made an important
                                        turnaround, thanks to the reform
                                        program, with real growth in GDP
                                        averaging 5% annually during 1995-
                                        2001. Annual inflation had been
                                        pushed down to less than 1%, but
                                        rose to an estimated 3.3% in 2001.
                                        Investment rose steadily from 13.8%
                                        of GDP in 1993 to 16.5% in 1997. As
                                        a member of the West African
                                        Economic and Monetary Union (WAEMU),
                                        Senegal is working toward greater
                                        regional integration with a unified
                                        external tariff. Senegal also
                                        realized full Internet connectivity
                                        in 1996, creating a miniboom in
                                        information technology-based
                                        services. Private activity now
                                        accounts for 82% of GDP. On the
                                        negative side, Senegal faces deep-
                                        seated urban problems of chronic
                                        unemployment, trade union militancy,
                                        juvenile delinquency, and drug
                                        addiction.
                                   GDP: purchasing power parity - $16.2
                                        billion (2001 est.)
                GDP - real growth rate: 5.7% (2001 est.)
                      GDP - per capita: purchasing power parity - $1,580
                                        (2001 est.)
           GDP - composition by sector: agriculture: 18.5%
                                        industry: 20.7%
                                        services: 60.8% (2000 est.)
         Population below poverty line: 54% (2001 est.)
     Household income or consumption by lowest 10%: 1.4%
                      percentage share: highest 10%: 42.8% (1991)
   Distribution of family income - Gini 41.3 (1995)
                                 index:
      Inflation rate (consumer prices): 3.3% (2001 est.)
                           Labor force: NA
           Labor force - by occupation: agriculture 70%
                     Unemployment rate: 48% (urban youth 40%) (2001 est.)
                                Budget: revenues: $1.373 billion
                                        expenditures: $1.373 billion,
                                        including capital expenditures of
                                        $357 million (2002 est.)
                            Industries: agricultural and fish processing,
                                        phosphate mining, fertilizer
                                        production, petroleum refining,
                                        construction materials
     Industrial production growth rate: 5.2% (2000 est.)
              Electricity - production: 1.32 billion kWh (2000)
    Electricity - production by source: fossil fuel: 100%
                                        hydro: 0%
                                        other: 0% (2000)
                                        nuclear: 0%
             Electricity - consumption: 1.228 billion kWh (2000)
                 Electricity - exports: 0 kWh (2000)
                 Electricity - imports: 0 kWh (2000)
                Agriculture - products: peanuts, millet, corn, sorghum,
                                        rice, cotton, tomatoes, green
                                        vegetables; cattle, poultry, pigs;
                                        fish
                               Exports: $1 billion (f.o.b., 2001)
                 Exports - commodities: fish, groundnuts (peanuts),
                                        petroleum products, phosphates,
                                        cotton
                    Exports - partners: France 19%, Italy 12%, Spain 6%,
                                        Cote d'Ivoire 2% (2000)
                               Imports: $1.3 billion (f.o.b., 2001)
                 Imports - commodities: foods and beverages, consumer goods,
                                        capital goods, petroleum products
                    Imports - partners: France 27%, Nigeria 19%, Germany 4%,
                                        US 4%, Italy 3% (2000)
                       Debt - external: $3.1 billion (2002 est.)
              Economic aid - recipient: $362.6 million (2002 est.)
                              Currency: Communaute Financiere Africaine
                                        franc (XOF); note - responsible
                                        authority is the Central Bank of the
                                        West African States
                         Currency code: XOF
                        Exchange rates: Communaute Financiere Africaine
                                        francs (XOF) per US dollar - 742.79
                                        (January 2002), 733.04 (2001),
                                        711.98 (2000), 615.70 (1999), 589.95
                                        (1998), 583.67 (1997); note - from 1
                                        January 1999, the XOF is pegged to
                                        the euro at a rate of 655.957 XOF
                                        per euro
                           Fiscal year: calendar year
  
   Communications Senegal
   ----------------------
        Telephones - main lines in use: 234,916 (2001)
          Telephones - mobile cellular: 373,965 (2001)
                      Telephone system: general assessment: good system
                                        domestic: above-average urban
                                        system; microwave radio relay,
                                        coaxial cable and fiber-optic cable
                                        in trunk system
                                        international: 4 submarine cables;
                                        satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat
                                        (Atlantic Ocean)
              Radio broadcast stations: AM 10, FM 14, shortwave 0 (1998)
                                Radios: 1.24 million (1997)
         Television broadcast stations: 1 (1997)
                           Televisions: 361,000 (1997)
                 Internet country code: .sn
     Internet Service Providers (ISPs): 15 (2002)
                        Internet users: 40,000 (2001)
  
   Transportation Senegal
   ----------------------
                              Railways: total: 906 km
                                        narrow gauge: 906 km 1.000-meter
                                        gauge (70 km double-tracked) (2001)
                              Highways: total: 14,576 km
                                        paved: 4,271 km
                                        unpaved: 10,305 km (1996)
                             Waterways: 897 km
                                        note: 785 km on the Senegal river,
                                        and 112 km on the Saloum river
                     Ports and harbors: Dakar, Kaolack, Matam, Podor,
                                        Richard Toll, Saint-Louis,
                                        Ziguinchor
                              Airports: 20 (2001)
         Airports - with paved runways: total: 9
                                        over 3,047 m: 1
                                        1,524 to 2,437 m: 6
                                        914 to 1,523 m: 2 (2001)
       Airports - with unpaved runways: total: 11
                                        1,524 to 2,437 m: 6
                                        914 to 1,523 m: 4
                                        under 914 m: 1 (2001)
  
   Military Senegal
   ----------------
                     Military branches: Army, Navy, Air Force, National
                                        Gendarmerie, National Police (Surete
                                        Nationale)
      Military manpower - military age: 18 years of age (2002 est.)
      Military manpower - availability: males age 15-49: 2,406,337 (2002
                                        est.)
   Military manpower - fit for military males age 15-49: 1,257,423 (2002
                               service: est.)
           Military manpower - reaching males: 114,189 (2002 est.)
                 military age annually:
         Military expenditures - dollar $68.6 million (FY02)
                                figure:
     Military expenditures - percent of 1.4% (FY02)
                                   GDP:
  
   Transnational Issues Senegal
   ----------------------------
              Disputes - international: Senegalese separatists disrupt legal
                                        border trade with smuggling, cattle
                                        rustling, and other illegal
                                        activities in Guinea-Bissau
                         Illicit drugs: transshipment point for Southwest
                                        and Southeast Asian heroin moving to
                                        Europe and North America; illicit
                                        cultivator of cannabis
  
                                       



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