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World Gazetteer Results for Mariakani:
NameMariakani
Geographical TypeLocality
Population12786
Latitude
Longitude
CountryKenya
Administrative DivisionCoast
Dictionary Results for Kenya:
1. WordNet® 3.0 (2006)
Kenya
    n 1: a republic in eastern Africa; achieved independence from
         the United Kingdom in 1963; major archeological discoveries
         have been made in the Great Rift Valley in Kenya [syn:
         Kenya, Republic of Kenya]

2. The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48
Kenya \Kenya\ prop. n.
   A country in East Africa, formerly a British colony.
   [WordNet 1.5]

3. CIA World Factbook 2002
Kenya

   Introduction Kenya
   ------------------
                            Background: Founding president and liberation
                                        struggle icon Jomo KENYATTA led
                                        Kenya from independence until his
                                        death in 1978, when current
                                        President Daniel Toroitich arap MOI
                                        took power in a constitutional
                                        succession. The country was a de
                                        facto one-party state from 1969
                                        until 1982 when the ruling Kenya
                                        African National Union (KANU) made
                                        itself the sole legal party in
                                        Kenya. MOI acceded to internal and
                                        external pressure for political
                                        liberalization in late 1991. The
                                        ethnically fractured opposition
                                        failed to dislodge KANU from power
                                        in elections in 1992 and 1997, which
                                        were marred by violence and fraud,
                                        but are viewed as having generally
                                        reflected the will of the Kenyan
                                        people. The country faces a period
                                        of political uncertainty because MOI
                                        is constitutionally required to step
                                        down at the next election that has
                                        to be held by early 2003.
  
   Geography Kenya
   ---------------
                              Location: Eastern Africa, bordering the Indian
                                        Ocean, between Somalia and Tanzania
                Geographic coordinates: 1 00 N, 38 00 E
                        Map references: Africa
                                  Area: total: 582,650 sq km
                                        water: 13,400 sq km
                                        land: 569,250 sq km
                    Area - comparative: slightly more than twice the size of
                                        Nevada
                       Land boundaries: total: 3,477 km
                                        border countries: Ethiopia 861 km,
                                        Somalia 682 km, Sudan 232 km,
                                        Tanzania 769 km, Uganda 933 km
                             Coastline: 536 km
                       Maritime claims: continental shelf: 200-m depth or to
                                        the depth of exploitation
                                        exclusive economic zone: 200 NM
                                        territorial sea: 12 NM
                               Climate: varies from tropical along coast to
                                        arid in interior
                               Terrain: low plains rise to central highlands
                                        bisected by Great Rift Valley;
                                        fertile plateau in west
                    Elevation extremes: lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m
                                        highest point: Mount Kenya 5,199 m
                     Natural resources: gold, limestone, soda ash, salt
                                        barites, rubies, fluorspar, garnets,
                                        wildlife, hydropower
                              Land use: arable land: 7.03%
                                        permanent crops: 0.91%
                                        other: 92.06% (1998 est.)
                        Irrigated land: 670 sq km (1998 est.)
                       Natural hazards: recurring drought; flooding during
                                        rainy seasons
          Environment - current issues: water pollution from urban and
                                        industrial wastes; degradation of
                                        water quality from increased use of
                                        pesticides and fertilizers; water
                                        hyacinth infestation in Lake
                                        Victoria; deforestation; soil
                                        erosion; desertification; poaching
            Environment - international party to: Biodiversity, Climate
                            agreements: Change, Desertification, Endangered
                                        Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of
                                        the Sea, Marine Dumping, Marine Life
                                        Conservation, Nuclear Test Ban,
                                        Ozone Layer Protection, Ship
                                        Pollution, Wetlands, Whaling
                                        signed, but not ratified: none of
                                        the selected agreements
                      Geography - note: the Kenyan Highlands comprise one of
                                        the most successful agricultural
                                        production regions in Africa;
                                        glaciers are found on Mount Kenya,
                                        Africa's second highest peak; unique
                                        physiography supports abundant and
                                        varied wildlife of scientific and
                                        economic value
  
   People Kenya
   ------------
                            Population: 31,138,735
                                        note: estimates for this country
                                        explicitly take into account the
                                        effects of excess mortality due to
                                        AIDS; this can result in lower life
                                        expectancy, higher infant mortality
                                        and death rates, lower population
                                        and growth rates, and changes in the
                                        distribution of population by age
                                        and sex than would otherwise be
                                        expected (July 2002 est.)
                         Age structure: 0-14 years: 41.1% (male 6,462,430;
                                        female 6,327,457)
                                        15-64 years: 56.1% (male 8,769,546;
                                        female 8,694,329)
                                        65 years and over: 2.8% (male
                                        385,361; female 499,612) (2002 est.)
                Population growth rate: 1.15% (2002 est.)
                            Birth rate: 27.61 births/1,000 population (2002
                                        est.)
                            Death rate: 14.68 deaths/1,000 population (2002
                                        est.)
                    Net migration rate: -1.48 migrant(s)/1,000 population
                                        note: according to UNHCR, by the end
                                        of 2001 Kenya was host to 220,000
                                        refugees from neighboring countries,
                                        including: Somalia 145,000 and Sudan
                                        68,000 (2002 est.)
                             Sex ratio: at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female
                                        under 15 years: 1.02 male(s)/female
                                        15-64 years: 1.01 male(s)/female
                                        65 years and over: 0.77 male(s)/
                                        female
                                        total population: 1.01 male(s)/
                                        female (2002 est.)
                 Infant mortality rate: 67.24 deaths/1,000 live births (2002
                                        est.)
              Life expectancy at birth: total population: 47.02 years
                                        female: 47.85 years (2002 est.)
                                        male: 46.2 years
                  Total fertility rate: 3.34 children born/woman (2002 est.)
      HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate: 13.5% (2001 est.)
     HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/ 2.2 million (2000 est.)
                                  AIDS:
                     HIV/AIDS - deaths: 180,000 (1999 est.)
                           Nationality: noun: Kenyan(s)
                                        adjective: Kenyan
                         Ethnic groups: Kikuyu 22%, Luhya 14%, Luo 13%,
                                        Kalenjin 12%, Kamba 11%, Kisii 6%,
                                        Meru 6%, other African 15%, non-
                                        African (Asian, European, and Arab)
                                        1%
                             Religions: Protestant 45%, Roman Catholic 33%,
                                        indigenous beliefs 10%, Muslim 10%,
                                        other 2%
                                        note: a large majority of Kenyans
                                        are Christian, but estimates for the
                                        percentage of the population that
                                        adheres to Islam or indigenous
                                        beliefs vary widely
                             Languages: English (official), Kiswahili
                                        (official), numerous indigenous
                                        languages
                              Literacy: definition: age 15 and over can read
                                        and write
                                        total population: 78.1%
                                        male: 86.3%
                                        female: 70% (1995 est.)
  
   Government Kenya
   ----------------
                          Country name: conventional long form: Republic of
                                        Kenya
                                        conventional short form: Kenya
                                        former: British East Africa
                       Government type: republic
                               Capital: Nairobi
              Administrative divisions: 7 provinces and 1 area*; Central,
                                        Coast, Eastern, Nairobi Area*, North
                                        Eastern, Nyanza, Rift Valley,
                                        Western
                          Independence: 12 December 1963 (from UK)
                      National holiday: Independence Day, 12 December (1963)
                          Constitution: 12 December 1963, amended as a
                                        republic 1964; reissued with
                                        amendments 1979, 1983, 1986, 1988,
                                        1991, 1992, 1997, and 2001
                          Legal system: based on Kenyan statutory law,
                                        Kenyan and English common law,
                                        tribal law, and Islamic law;
                                        judicial review in High Court;
                                        accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction,
                                        with reservations; constitutional
                                        amendment of 1982 making Kenya a de
                                        jure one-party state repealed in
                                        1991
                              Suffrage: 18 years of age; universal
                      Executive branch: chief of state: President Daniel
                                        Toroitich arap MOI (since 14 October
                                        1978); note - the president is both
                                        the chief of state and head of
                                        government
                                        head of government: President Daniel
                                        Toroitich arap MOI (since 14 October
                                        1978); note - the president is both
                                        the chief of state and head of
                                        government
                                        cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the
                                        president
                                        elections: president elected by
                                        popular vote from among the members
                                        of the National Assembly for a five-
                                        year term; in addition to receiving
                                        the largest number of votes in
                                        absolute terms, the presidential
                                        candidate must also win 25% or more
                                        of the vote in at least five of
                                        Kenya's seven provinces and one area
                                        to avoid a runoff; election last
                                        held 29 December 1997 (next to be
                                        held by early 2003); vice president
                                        appointed by the president
                                        election results: President Daniel
                                        Toroitich arap MOI reelected;
                                        percent of vote - Daniel T. arap MOI
                                        (KANU) 40.6%, Mwai KIBAKI (DP)
                                        31.5%, Raila ODINGA (NDP) 11.1%,
                                        Michael WAMALWA (FORD-K) 8.4%,
                                        Charity NGILU (SDP) 7.8%
                    Legislative branch: unicameral National Assembly or
                                        Bunge (222 seats; 210 members
                                        elected by popular vote to serve
                                        five-year terms, 12 so-called
                                        "nominated" members who are
                                        appointed by the president, but
                                        selected by the parties in
                                        proportion to their parliamentary
                                        vote totals)
                                        elections: last held 29 December
                                        1997 (next to be held by early 2003)
  
                                        election results: percent of vote by
                                        party - NA%; seats by party - KANU
                                        107, FORD-A 1, FORD-K 17, FORD-
                                        People 3, DP 39, NDP 21, SDP 15,
                                        SAFINA 5, smaller parties 2; seats
                                        appointed by the president - KANU 6,
                                        FORD-K 1, DP 2, SDP 1, NDP 1, SAFINA
                                        1
                       Judicial branch: Court of Appeal (chief justice is
                                        appointed by the president); High
                                        Court
         Political parties and leaders: Democratic Party of Kenya or DP
                                        [Mwai KIBAKI]; Forum for the
                                        Restoration of Democracy-Asili or
                                        FORD-A [Kenneth MATIBA, chairman];
                                        Forum for the Restoration of
                                        Democracy-Kenya or FORD-K [Michael
                                        Kijana WAMALWA]; Forum for the
                                        Restoration of Democracy-People or
                                        FORD-People [Kimaniwa NYOIKE,
                                        chairman]; Kenya African National
                                        Union or KANU [President Daniel
                                        Toroitich arap MOI] - the governing
                                        party; National Development Party or
                                        NDP [Raila ODINGA]; SAFINA [Farah
                                        MAALIM, chairman]; Social Democratic
                                        Party or SDP [James ORENGO,
                                        chairman]
          Political pressure groups and human rights groups; labor unions;
                               leaders: Muslim organizations; National
                                        Convention Executive Council or
                                        NCEC, a proreform coalition of
                                        political parties and nongovernment
                                        organizations [Kivutha KIBWANA];
                                        Protestant National Council of
                                        Churches of Kenya or NCCK [Mutava
                                        MUSYIMI]; Roman Catholic and other
                                        Christian churches; Supreme Council
                                        of Kenya Muslims or SUPKEM [Shaykh
                                        Abdul Gafur al-BUSAIDY, chairman]
             International organization ACP, AfDB, C, CCC, EADB, ECA, FAO,
                         participation: G-15, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU,
                                        ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IGAD,
                                        ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM,
                                        ISO, ITU, MINURSO, MONUC, NAM, OAU,
                                        OPCW, UN, UNAMSIL, UNCTAD, UNESCO,
                                        UNIDO, UNIKOM, UNMEE, UNMIBH, UNMIK,
                                        UNMOP, UNU, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WMO,
                                        WToO, WTrO
   Diplomatic representation in the US: chief of mission: Ambassador Yusuf
                                        Abdulraham NZIBO
                                        consulate(s) general: offices in Los
                                        Angeles and New York are closed;
                                        mission to the UN remains open
                                        FAX: [1] (202) 462-3829
                                        telephone: [1] (202) 387-6101
                                        chancery: 2249 R Street NW,
                                        Washington, DC 20008
     Diplomatic representation from the chief of mission: Ambassador Johnnie
                                    US: CARSON
                                        embassy: US Embassy, Mombasa Road,
                                        Nairobi
                                        mailing address: Box 21A, Unit
                                        64100, APO AE 09831
                                        telephone: [254] (2) 537-800
                                        FAX: [254] (2) 537-810
                      Flag description: three equal horizontal bands of
                                        black (top), red, and green; the red
                                        band is edged in white; a large
                                        warrior's shield covering crossed
                                        spears is superimposed at the center
  
   Economy Kenya
   -------------
                    Economy - overview: Kenya, the regional hub for trade
                                        and finance in East Africa, is
                                        hampered by corruption and reliance
                                        upon several primary goods whose
                                        prices continue to decline.
                                        Following strong economic growth in
                                        1995 and 1996, Kenya's economy has
                                        stagnated, with GDP growth failing
                                        to keep up with the rate of
                                        population growth. In 1997, the IMF
                                        suspended Kenya's Enhanced
                                        Structural Adjustment Program due to
                                        the government's failure to maintain
                                        reforms and curb corruption. A
                                        severe drought from 1999 to 2000
                                        compounded Kenya's problems, causing
                                        water and energy rationing and
                                        reducing agricultural output. As a
                                        result, GDP contracted by 0.3% in
                                        2000. The IMF, which had resumed
                                        loans in 2000 to help Kenya through
                                        the drought, again halted lending in
                                        2001 when the government failed to
                                        institute several anticorruption
                                        measures. Despite the return of
                                        strong rains in 2001, weak commodity
                                        prices, endemic corruption, and low
                                        investment limited Kenya's economic
                                        growth to 1%, and Kenya is unlikely
                                        to see growth above 2% in 2002.
                                        Substantial IMF and other foreign
                                        support is essential to prevent a
                                        further decline in real per capita
                                        output.
                                   GDP: purchasing power parity - $31
                                        billion (2001 est.)
                GDP - real growth rate: 1% (2001 est.)
                      GDP - per capita: purchasing power parity - $1,000
                                        (2001 est.)
           GDP - composition by sector: agriculture: 24%
                                        industry: 13%
                                        services: 63% (2000 est.)
         Population below poverty line: 50% (2000 est.)
     Household income or consumption by lowest 10%: 2%
                      percentage share: highest 10%: 37.2% (2000)
   Distribution of family income - Gini 44.5 (1994)
                                 index:
      Inflation rate (consumer prices): 3.3% (2001 est.)
                           Labor force: 10 million (2001 est.)
           Labor force - by occupation: agriculture 75%-80%
                     Unemployment rate: 40% (2001 est.)
                                Budget: revenues: $2.91 billion
                                        expenditures: $2.97 billion,
                                        including capital expenditures of
                                        $NA (2000 est.)
                            Industries: small-scale consumer goods (plastic,
                                        furniture, batteries, textiles,
                                        soap, cigarettes, flour),
                                        agricultural products processing;
                                        oil refining, cement; tourism
     Industrial production growth rate: -0.7% (2001 est.)
              Electricity - production: 4.616 billion kWh (2000)
    Electricity - production by source: fossil fuel: 21.66%
                                        hydro: 70.4%
                                        other: 7.94% (2000)
                                        nuclear: 0%
             Electricity - consumption: 4.433 billion kWh (2000)
                 Electricity - exports: 0 kWh (2000)
                 Electricity - imports: 140 million kWh (2000)
                Agriculture - products: coffee, tea, corn, wheat, sugarcane,
                                        fruit, vegetables; dairy products,
                                        beef, pork, poultry, eggs
                               Exports: $1.8 billion (f.o.b., 2001 est.)
                 Exports - commodities: tea, horticultural products, coffee,
                                        petroleum products, fish, cement
                    Exports - partners: UK 13.5%, Tanzania 12.5%, Uganda
                                        12.0%, Germany 5.5% (2000)
                               Imports: $3.1 billion (f.o.b., 2001 est.)
                 Imports - commodities: machinery and transportation
                                        equipment, petroleum products, motor
                                        vehicles, iron and steel, resins and
                                        plastics
                    Imports - partners: UK 12%, UAE 9.8%, Japan 6.5%, India
                                        4.4% (2000)
                       Debt - external: $8 billion (2001 est.)
              Economic aid - recipient: $457 million (1997)
                              Currency: Kenyan shilling (KES)
                         Currency code: KES
                        Exchange rates: Kenyan shillings per US dollar -
                                        78.597 (January 2002), 78.563
                                        (2001), 76.176 (2000), 70.326
                                        (1999), 60.367 (1998), 58.732 (1997)
                           Fiscal year: 1 July - 30 June
  
   Communications Kenya
   --------------------
        Telephones - main lines in use: 310,000 (2001)
          Telephones - mobile cellular: 540,000 (2001)
                      Telephone system: general assessment: unreliable;
                                        little attempt to modernize except
                                        for service to business
                                        domestic: trunks are primarily
                                        microwave radio relay; business data
                                        commonly transferred by a very small
                                        aperture terminal (VSAT) system
                                        international: satellite earth
                                        stations - 4 Intelsat
              Radio broadcast stations: AM 24, FM 18, shortwave 6 (2001)
                                Radios: 3.07 million (1997)
         Television broadcast stations: 8 (2002)
                           Televisions: 730,000 (1997)
                 Internet country code: .ke
     Internet Service Providers (ISPs): 65 (2001)
                        Internet users: 250,000 (2001)
  
   Transportation Kenya
   --------------------
                              Railways: total: 2,778 km
                                        narrow gauge: 2,778 km 1.000-m gauge
  
                                        note: the line connecting Nairobi
                                        with the port of Mombasa is the most
                                        important in the country
                              Highways: total: 63,800 km
                                        paved: 8,932 km
                                        unpaved: 54,868 km (2001)
                             Waterways: NA
                                        note: part of the Lake Victoria
                                        system is within the boundaries of
                                        Kenya
                             Pipelines: petroleum products 483 km
                     Ports and harbors: Kisumu, Lamu, Mombasa
                       Merchant marine: total: 2 ships (1,000 GRT or over)
                                        totaling 4,893 GRT/6,320 DWT
                                        ships by type: petroleum tanker 1,
                                        roll on/roll off 1 (2002 est.)
                              Airports: 231 (2001)
         Airports - with paved runways: total: 20
                                        over 3,047 m: 4
                                        2,438 to 3,047 m: 1
                                        1,524 to 2,437 m: 3
                                        914 to 1,523 m: 11
                                        under 914 m: 1 (2001)
       Airports - with unpaved runways: total: 211
                                        2,438 to 3,047 m: 1
                                        1,524 to 2,437 m: 14
                                        914 to 1,523 m: 111
                                        under 914 m: 85 (2001)
  
   Military Kenya
   --------------
                       Military branches: Army, Navy, Air Force
        Military manpower - availability: males age 15-49: 7,938,865 (2002
                                          est.)
     Military manpower - fit for military males age 15-49: 4,915,090 (2002
                                 service: est.)
           Military expenditures - dollar $179.2 million (FY01)
                                  figure:
       Military expenditures - percent of 1.8% (FY01)
                                     GDP:
  
   Transnational Issues Kenya
   --------------------------
              Disputes - international: since colonial times, Kenya's
                                        administrative boundary has extended
                                        beyond its treaty boundary into
                                        Sudan creating the "Ilemi Triangle";
                                        arms smuggling and Oromo rebel
                                        activities prompt strict border
                                        regime with Somalia
                         Illicit drugs: widespread harvesting of small plots
                                        of marijuana; transit country for
                                        South Asian heroin destined for
                                        Europe and North America; Indian
                                        methaqualone also transits on way to
                                        South Africa
  
                                       



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