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World Gazetteer Results for Guérou:
NameGuérou
Geographical TypeLocality
Population22241
Latitude
Longitude
CountryMauritania
Administrative DivisionAssaba
3rd Administrative DivisionMeuse
Dictionary Results for Mauritania:
1. WordNet® 3.0 (2006)
Mauritania
    n 1: a country in northwestern Africa with a provisional
         military government; achieved independence from France in
         1960; largely western Sahara Desert [syn: Mauritania,
         Islamic Republic of Mauritania, Mauritanie,
         Muritaniya]

2. CIA World Factbook 2002
Mauritania

   Introduction Mauritania
   -----------------------
                            Background: Independent from France in 1960,
                                        Mauritania annexed the southern
                                        third of the former Spanish Sahara
                                        (now Western Sahara) in 1976, but
                                        relinquished it after three years of
                                        raids by the Polisario guerrilla
                                        front seeking independence for the
                                        territory. Opposition parties were
                                        legalized and a new constitution
                                        approved in 1991. Two multiparty
                                        presidential elections since then
                                        were widely seen as flawed, but
                                        October 2001 legislative and
                                        municipal elections were generally
                                        free and open. Mauritania remains,
                                        in reality, a one-party state. The
                                        country continues to experience
                                        ethnic tensions between its black
                                        minority population and the dominant
                                        Maur (Arab-Berber) populace.
  
   Geography Mauritania
   --------------------
                              Location: Northern Africa, bordering the North
                                        Atlantic Ocean, between Senegal and
                                        Western Sahara
                Geographic coordinates: 20 00 N, 12 00 W
                        Map references: Africa
                                  Area: total: 1,030,700 sq km
                                        land: 1,030,400 sq km
                                        water: 300 sq km
                    Area - comparative: slightly larger than three times the
                                        size of New Mexico
                       Land boundaries: total: 5,074 km
                                        border countries: Algeria 463 km,
                                        Mali 2,237 km, Senegal 813 km,
                                        Western Sahara 1,561 km
                             Coastline: 754 km
                       Maritime claims: contiguous zone: 24 NM
                                        territorial sea: 12 NM
                                        continental shelf: 200 NM or to the
                                        edge of the continental margin
                                        exclusive economic zone: 200 NM
                               Climate: desert; constantly hot, dry, dusty
                               Terrain: mostly barren, flat plains of the
                                        Sahara; some central hills
                    Elevation extremes: lowest point: Sebkha de Ndrhamcha -
                                        3 m
                                        highest point: Kediet Ijill 910 m
                     Natural resources: iron ore, gypsum, copper, phosphate,
                                        diamonds, gold, oil; fish
                              Land use: arable land: 0.48%
                                        permanent crops: 0.01%
                                        other: 99.51% (1998 est.)
                        Irrigated land: 490 sq km (1998 est.)
                       Natural hazards: hot, dry, dust/sand-laden sirocco
                                        wind blows primarily in March and
                                        April; periodic droughts
          Environment - current issues: overgrazing, deforestation, and soil
                                        erosion aggravated by drought are
                                        contributing to desertification;
                                        very limited natural fresh water
                                        resources away from the Senegal
                                        which is the only perennial river
            Environment - international party to: Biodiversity, Climate
                            agreements: Change, Desertification, Endangered
                                        Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of
                                        the Sea, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone
                                        Layer Protection, Ship Pollution,
                                        Wetlands
                                        signed, but not ratified: none of
                                        the selected agreements
                      Geography - note: most of the population concentrated
                                        in the cities of Nouakchott and
                                        Nouadhibou and along the Senegal
                                        River in the southern part of the
                                        country
  
   People Mauritania
   -----------------
                            Population: 2,828,858 (July 2002 est.)
                         Age structure: 0-14 years: 46.1% (male 653,005;
                                        female 650,530)
                                        15-64 years: 51.7% (male 720,473;
                                        female 741,094)
                                        65 years and over: 2.2% (male
                                        26,251; female 37,505) (2002 est.)
                Population growth rate: 2.92% (2002 est.)
                            Birth rate: 42.54 births/1,000 population (2002
                                        est.)
                            Death rate: 13.34 deaths/1,000 population (2002
                                        est.)
                    Net migration rate: 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002
                                        est.)
                             Sex ratio: at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female
                                        under 15 years: 1 male(s)/female
                                        15-64 years: 0.97 male(s)/female
                                        65 years and over: 0.7 male(s)/
                                        female
                                        total population: 0.98 male(s)/
                                        female (2002 est.)
                 Infant mortality rate: 75.25 deaths/1,000 live births (2002
                                        est.)
              Life expectancy at birth: total population: 51.53 years
                                        female: 53.71 years (2002 est.)
                                        male: 49.42 years
                  Total fertility rate: 6.15 children born/woman (2002 est.)
      HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate: 1.8% (2000 est.)
     HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/ 6,600 (1999 est.)
                                  AIDS:
                     HIV/AIDS - deaths: 610 (1999 est.)
                           Nationality: noun: Mauritanian(s)
                                        adjective: Mauritanian
                         Ethnic groups: mixed Maur/black 40%, Maur 30%,
                                        black 30%
                             Religions: Muslim 100%
                             Languages: Hassaniya Arabic (official), Pulaar,
                                        Soninke, Wolof (official), French
                              Literacy: definition: age 15 and over can read
                                        and write
                                        total population: 41.2%
                                        male: 51.5%
                                        female: 31.3% (2002 est.)
  
   Government Mauritania
   ---------------------
                          Country name: conventional long form: Islamic
                                        Republic of Mauritania
                                        conventional short form: Mauritania
                                        local short form: Muritaniyah
                                        local long form: Al Jumhuriyah al
                                        Islamiyah al Muritaniyah
                       Government type: republic
                               Capital: Nouakchott
              Administrative divisions: 12 regions (regions, singular -
                                        region) and 1 capital district*;
                                        Adrar, Assaba, Brakna, Dakhlet
                                        Nouadhibou, Gorgol, Guidimaka, Hodh
                                        Ech Chargui, Hodh El Gharbi,
                                        Inchiri, Nouakchott*, Tagant, Tiris
                                        Zemmour, Trarza
                          Independence: 28 November 1960 (from France)
                      National holiday: Independence Day, 28 November (1960)
                          Constitution: 12 July 1991
                          Legal system: a combination of Shari'a (Islamic
                                        law) and French civil law
                              Suffrage: 18 years of age; universal
                      Executive branch: chief of state: President Maaouya
                                        Ould Sid Ahmed TAYA (since 12
                                        December 1984)
                                        head of government: Prime Minister
                                        Cheikh El Avia Ould Mohamed KHOUNA
                                        (since 17 November 1998)
                                        cabinet: Council of Ministers
                                        elections: president elected by
                                        popular vote for a six-year term;
                                        election last held 12 December 1997
                                        (next to be held NA December 2003);
                                        prime minister appointed by the
                                        president
                                        election results: President Maaouya
                                        Ould Sid Ahmed TAYA reelected with
                                        90.9% of the vote
                    Legislative branch: bicameral legislature consists of
                                        the Senate or Majlis al-Shuyukh (56
                                        seats, a part of the seats up for
                                        election every two years; members
                                        elected by municipal leaders to
                                        serve six-year terms) and the
                                        National Assembly or Majlis al-
                                        Watani (81 seats; members elected by
                                        popular vote to serve five-year
                                        terms)
                                        elections: Senate - last held 17
                                        April 1998 (next to be held NA April
                                        2002); National Assembly - last held
                                        19 and 26 October 2001 (next to be
                                        held NA 2006)
                                        election results: Senate - percent
                                        of vote by party - PRDS 98%, others
                                        2%; seats by party - PRDS 56;
                                        National Assembly - percent of vote
                                        by party - PRDS 79%, RDU 3.5%, UDP
                                        3.5%, AC 5%, RDF 4%, UFP 3.5%, FP
                                        1.5%; seats by party - PRDS 64, UDP
                                        3, RDU 3, AC 4, RDF 3, UFP 3,and FP
                                        1
                       Judicial branch: Supreme Court or Cour Supreme; Court
                                        of Appeals; lower courts
         Political parties and leaders: Action for Change or AC [Messoud
                                        Ould BOULKHEIR]; Alliance for
                                        Justice and Democracy or AJD [Kebe
                                        ABDOULAYE]; Democratic and Social
                                        Republican Party or PRDS (ruling
                                        party) [President Maaouya Ould Sid
                                        Ahmed TAYA]; Mauritanian Party for
                                        Renewal and Concorde or PMRC [Molaye
                                        El Hassen Ould JIYID]; National
                                        Union for Democracy and Development
                                        or UNDD [Tidjane KOITA]; Party for
                                        Liberty, Equality and Justice or
                                        PLEJ [Daouda M'BAGNIGA]; Popular
                                        Front or FP [Ch'bih Ould CHEIKH
                                        MALAININE]; Popular Progress
                                        Alliance or APP [Mohamed El Hafed
                                        Ould ISMAEL]; Popular Social and
                                        Democratic Union or UPSD [Mohamed
                                        Mahmoud Ould MAH]; Progress Force
                                        Union or UFP [Mohamed Ould
                                        MAOULOUD]; Rally of Democratic
                                        Forces or RDF [Ahmed Ould DADDAH];
                                        Rally for Democracy and Unity or RDU
                                        [Ahmed Ould SIDI BABA]; Union for
                                        Democracy and Progress or UDP [Naha
                                        Mint MOUKNASS]
                                        note: the Action for Change party
                                        was banned in January 2002; parties
                                        legalized by constitution ratified
                                        12 July 1991, however, politics
                                        continue to be tribally based
          Political pressure groups and Arab nationalists; Ba'athists;
                               leaders: General Confederation of Mauritanian
                                        Workers or CGTM [Abdallahi Ould
                                        MOHAMED, secretary general];
                                        Independent Confederation of
                                        Mauritanian Workers or CLTM [Samory
                                        Ould BEYE]; Islamists; Mauritanian
                                        Workers Union or UTM [Mohamed Ely
                                        Ould BRAHIM, secretary general]
             International organization ABEDA, ACCT, ACP, AfDB, AFESD, AL,
                         participation: AMF, AMU, CAEU, CCC, ECA, FAO, G-77,
                                        IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IDB,
                                        IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO (pending
                                        member), ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol,
                                        IOC, ITU, NAM, OAU, OIC, OPCW, UN,
                                        UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCL,
                                        WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO
   Diplomatic representation in the US: chief of mission: Ambassador
                                        Mohamedou Ould MICHEL
                                        chancery: 2129 Leroy Place NW,
                                        Washington, DC 20008
                                        FAX: [1] (202) 319-2623
                                        telephone: [1] (202) 232-5700
     Diplomatic representation from the chief of mission: Ambassador John W.
                                    US: LIMBERT
                                        embassy: Rue Abdallaye, Nouakchott
                                        mailing address: BP 222, Nouakchott
                                        telephone: [222] 525-2660, 525-2663
                                        FAX: [222] 525-1592
                      Flag description: green with a yellow five-pointed
                                        star above a yellow, horizontal
                                        crescent; the closed side of the
                                        crescent is down; the crescent,
                                        star, and color green are
                                        traditional symbols of Islam
  
   Economy Mauritania
   ------------------
                    Economy - overview: Half the population still depends on
                                        agriculture and livestock for a
                                        livelihood, even though most of the
                                        nomads and many subsistence farmers
                                        were forced into the cities by
                                        recurrent droughts in the 1970s and
                                        1980s. Mauritania has extensive
                                        deposits of iron ore, which account
                                        for half of total exports. The
                                        decline in world demand for this
                                        ore, however, has led to cutbacks in
                                        production. The nation's coastal
                                        waters are among the richest fishing
                                        areas in the world, but
                                        overexploitation by foreigners
                                        threatens this key source of
                                        revenue. The country's first
                                        deepwater port opened near
                                        Nouakchott in 1986. In the past,
                                        drought and economic mismanagement
                                        resulted in a buildup of foreign
                                        debt. In February, 2000, Mauritania
                                        qualified for debt relief under the
                                        Heavily Indebted Poor Countries
                                        (HIPC) initiative and in December
                                        2001 received strong support from
                                        donor and lending countries at a
                                        triennial Consultative Group review.
                                        Mauritania withdrew its membership
                                        in the Economic Community of West
                                        African States (ECOWAS) in 2000 and
                                        subsequently increased commercial
                                        ties with Arab Maghreb Union members
                                        Morocco and Tunisia, most notably in
                                        telecommunications. In 2001,
                                        exploratory oil wells in tracts 80
                                        km offshore indicated potential
                                        viable extraction at current world
                                        oil prices. However, the refinery in
                                        Nouadhibou historically has not
                                        exceeded 20% of its distillation
                                        capacity, and it handled no crude in
                                        the year 2000. A new Investment Code
                                        approved in December 2001 improved
                                        the opportunities for direct foreign
                                        investment.
                                   GDP: purchasing power parity - $5 billion
                                        (2001 est.)
                GDP - real growth rate: 4% (2001 est.)
                      GDP - per capita: purchasing power parity - $1,800
                                        (2001 est.)
           GDP - composition by sector: agriculture: 25%
                                        industry: 29%
                                        services: 46% (2001 est.)
         Population below poverty line: 50% (2001 est.)
     Household income or consumption by lowest 10%: 2.5%
                      percentage share: highest 10%: 30.2% (2000)
   Distribution of family income - Gini 37.3 (1995)
                                 index:
      Inflation rate (consumer prices): 4.4% (2001 est.)
                           Labor force: 786,000 (2001)
           Labor force - by occupation: agriculture 50%, services 40%,
                                        industry 10% (2001 est.)
                     Unemployment rate: 21% (1999 est.)
                                Budget: revenues: $421 million
                                        expenditures: $378 million,
                                        including capital expenditures of
                                        $154 million (2002 est.)
                            Industries: fish processing, mining of iron ore
                                        and gypsum
     Industrial production growth rate: 2% (2000 est.)
              Electricity - production: 154 million kWh (2000)
    Electricity - production by source: fossil fuel: 84.42%
                                        hydro: 15.58%
                                        other: 0% (2000)
                                        nuclear: 0%
             Electricity - consumption: 143.22 million kWh (2000)
                 Electricity - exports: 0 kWh (2000)
                 Electricity - imports: 0 kWh (2000)
                Agriculture - products: dates, millet, sorghum, rice, corn,
                                        dates; cattle, sheep
                               Exports: $359 million (f.o.b., 2000)
                 Exports - commodities: iron ore, fish and fish products,
                                        gold
                    Exports - partners: France 18%, Japan 16%, Italy 13%,
                                        Spain 10% (2000)
                               Imports: $335 million (f.o.b., 2000)
                 Imports - commodities: machinery and equipment, petroleum
                                        products, capital goods, foodstuffs,
                                        consumer goods
                    Imports - partners: France 33%, US 10%, Spain 9%,
                                        Algeria 6%, Germany 6%, Benelux 5%
                                        (2000)
                       Debt - external: $1.6 billion (2000)
              Economic aid - recipient: $220 million (2000)
                              Currency: ouguiya (MRO)
                         Currency code: MRO
                        Exchange rates: ouguiyas per US dollar - 254.350
                                        (December 2001), 238.923 (2000),
                                        209.514 (1999), 188.476 (1998),
                                        151.853 (1997), 137.222 (1996)
                           Fiscal year: calendar year
  
   Communications Mauritania
   -------------------------
        Telephones - main lines in use: 26,500 (2001)
          Telephones - mobile cellular: 35,000 (2001)
                      Telephone system: general assessment: limited system
                                        of cable and open-wire lines, minor
                                        microwave radio relay links, and
                                        radiotelephone communications
                                        stations (improvements being made)
                                        domestic: mostly cable and open-wire
                                        lines; a recently completed domestic
                                        satellite telecommunications system
                                        links Nouakchott with regional
                                        capitals
                                        international: satellite earth
                                        stations - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic
                                        Ocean) and 2 Arabsat
              Radio broadcast stations: AM 1, FM 14, shortwave 1 (2001)
                                Radios: 410,000 (2001)
         Television broadcast stations: 1 (2002)
                           Televisions: 98,000 (2001)
                 Internet country code: .mr
     Internet Service Providers (ISPs): 5 (2001)
                        Internet users: 7,500 (2001)
  
   Transportation Mauritania
   -------------------------
                              Railways: 704 km
                                        standard gauge: 704 km 1.435-m gauge
  
                                        note: owned and operated by
                                        government mining company (2001)
                              Highways: total: 7,720 km
                                        paved: 830 km
                                        unpaved: 6,890 km (2000)
                             Waterways: note: ferry traffic on the Senegal
                                        River
                     Ports and harbors: Bogue, Kaedi, Nouadhibou,
                                        Nouakchott, Rosso
                       Merchant marine: none (2002 est.)
                              Airports: 26 (2001)
         Airports - with paved runways: total: 9
                                        2,438 to 3,047 m: 3
                                        1,524 to 2,437 m: 6 (2001)
       Airports - with unpaved runways: total: 17
                                        2,438 to 3,047 m: 2
                                        1,524 to 2,437 m: 5
                                        914 to 1,523 m: 7
                                        under 914 m: 3 (2001)
  
   Military Mauritania
   -------------------
                     Military branches: Army, Navy, Air Force, National
                                        Gendarmerie, National Guard,
                                        National Police, Presidential Guard
      Military manpower - availability: males age 15-49: 644,294 (2002 est.)
   Military manpower - fit for military males age 15-49: 312,276 (2002 est.)
                               service:
         Military expenditures - dollar $37.1 million (FY01)
                                figure:
     Military expenditures - percent of 3.7% (FY01)
                                   GDP:
  
   Transnational Issues Mauritania
   -------------------------------
                                              Disputes - international: none
  
                                       



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