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World Gazetteer Results for Bokeo:
NameBokeo
Geographical TypeKhoueng
Population150193
CountryLaos
Dictionary Results for Laos:
1. WordNet® 3.0 (2006)
Laos
    n 1: a mountainous landlocked communist state in southeastern
         Asia; achieved independence from France in 1949 [syn:
         Laos, Lao People's Democratic Republic]

2. The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48
Laos \Laos\ prop. n.
   a country in Southeast Asia.
   [WordNet 1.5]

3. CIA World Factbook 2002
Laos

   Introduction Laos
   -----------------
                             Background: In 1975, the Communist Pathet Lao
                                         took control of the government,
                                         ending a six-century-old monarchy.
                                         Initial closer ties to Vietnam and
                                         socialization were replaced with a
                                         gradual return to private
                                         enterprise, an easing of foreign
                                         investment laws, and the admission
                                         into ASEAN in 1997.
  
   Geography Laos
   --------------
                              Location: Southeastern Asia, northeast of
                                        Thailand, west of Vietnam
                Geographic coordinates: 18 00 N, 105 00 E
                        Map references: Southeast Asia
                                  Area: total: 236,800 sq km
                                        water: 6,000 sq km
                                        land: 230,800 sq km
                    Area - comparative: slightly larger than Utah
                       Land boundaries: total: 5,083 km
                                        border countries: Burma 235 km,
                                        Cambodia 541 km, China 423 km,
                                        Thailand 1,754 km, Vietnam 2,130 km
                             Coastline: 0 km (landlocked)
                       Maritime claims: none (landlocked)
                               Climate: tropical monsoon; rainy season (May
                                        to November); dry season (December
                                        to April)
                               Terrain: mostly rugged mountains; some plains
                                        and plateaus
                    Elevation extremes: lowest point: Mekong River 70 m
                                        highest point: Phou Bia 2,817 m
                     Natural resources: timber, hydropower, gypsum, tin,
                                        gold, gemstones
                              Land use: arable land: 3.47%
                                        permanent crops: 0.23%
                                        other: 96.31% (1998 est.)
                        Irrigated land: 1,640 sq km
                                        note: rainy season irrigation -
                                        2,169 sq km; dry season irrigation -
                                        750 sq km (1998 est.)
                       Natural hazards: floods, droughts
          Environment - current issues: unexploded ordnance; deforestation;
                                        soil erosion; a majority of the
                                        population does not have access to
                                        potable water
            Environment - international party to: Biodiversity, Climate
                            agreements: Change, Desertification,
                                        Environmental Modification, Law of
                                        the Sea, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone
                                        Layer Protection
                                        signed, but not ratified: none of
                                        the selected agreements
                      Geography - note: landlocked; most of the country is
                                        mountainous and thickly forested;
                                        the Mekong forms a large part of the
                                        western boundary with Thailand
  
   People Laos
   -----------
                            Population: 5,777,180 (July 2002 est.)
                         Age structure: 0-14 years: 42.5% (male 1,233,659;
                                        female 1,219,872)
                                        15-64 years: 54.2% (male 1,543,246;
                                        female 1,591,419)
                                        65 years and over: 3.3% (male
                                        86,375; female 102,609) (2002 est.)
                Population growth rate: 2.47% (2002 est.)
                            Birth rate: 37.39 births/1,000 population (2002
                                        est.)
                            Death rate: 12.71 deaths/1,000 population (2002
                                        est.)
                    Net migration rate: 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002
                                        est.)
                             Sex ratio: at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female
                                        under 15 years: 1.01 male(s)/female
                                        15-64 years: 0.97 male(s)/female
                                        65 years and over: 0.84 male(s)/
                                        female
                                        total population: 0.98 male(s)/
                                        female (2002 est.)
                 Infant mortality rate: 90.98 deaths/1,000 live births (2002
                                        est.)
              Life expectancy at birth: total population: 53.88 years
                                        female: 55.87 years (2002 est.)
                                        male: 51.95 years
                  Total fertility rate: 5.03 children born/woman (2002 est.)
      HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate: 0.05% (1999 est.)
     HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/ 1,400 (1999 est.)
                                  AIDS:
                     HIV/AIDS - deaths: 130 (1999 est.)
                           Nationality: noun: Lao(s) or Laotian(s)
                                        adjective: Lao or Laotian
                         Ethnic groups: Lao Loum (lowland) 68%, Lao Theung
                                        (upland) 22%, Lao Soung (highland)
                                        including the Hmong ("Meo") and the
                                        Yao (Mien) 9%, ethnic Vietnamese/
                                        Chinese 1%
                             Religions: Buddhist 60%, animist and other 40%
                                        (including various Christian
                                        denominations 1.5%)
                             Languages: Lao (official), French, English, and
                                        various ethnic languages
                              Literacy: definition: age 15 and over can read
                                        and write
                                        total population: 57%
                                        male: 70%
                                        female: 44% (1999 est.)
  
   Government Laos
   ---------------
                          Country name: conventional long form: Lao People's
                                        Democratic Republic
                                        conventional short form: Laos
                                        local short form: none
                                        local long form: Sathalanalat
                                        Paxathipatai Paxaxon Lao
                       Government type: Communist state
                               Capital: Vientiane
              Administrative divisions: 16 provinces (khoueng, singular and
                                        plural), 1 municipality* (kampheng
                                        nakhon, singular and plural), and 1
                                        special zone** (khetphiset, singular
                                        and plural); Attapu, Bokeo,
                                        Bolikhamxai, Champasak, Houaphan,
                                        Khammouan, Louangnamtha,
                                        Louangphabang, Oudomxai, Phongsali,
                                        Salavan, Savannakhet, Viangchan*,
                                        Viangchan, Xaignabouli,
                                        Xaisomboun**, Xekong, Xiangkhoang
                          Independence: 19 July 1949 (from France)
                      National holiday: Republic Day, 2 December (1975)
                          Constitution: promulgated 14 August 1991
                          Legal system: based on traditional customs, French
                                        legal norms and procedures, and
                                        Socialist practice
                              Suffrage: 18 years of age; universal
                      Executive branch: chief of state: President Gen.
                                        KHAMTAI Siphandon (since 26 February
                                        1998) and Vice President Lt. Gen.
                                        CHOUMMALI Saignason (since 27 March
                                        2001)
                                        head of government: Prime Minister
                                        BOUNGNANG Volachit (since 27 March
                                        2001); First Deputy Prime Minister
                                        Maj. Gen. ASANG Laoli (since NA May
                                        2002), Deputy Prime Minister
                                        THONGLOUN Sisolit (since 27 March
                                        2001), and Deputy Prime Minister
                                        SOMSAVAT Lengsavat (since 26
                                        February 1998)
                                        cabinet: Council of Ministers
                                        appointed by the president, approved
                                        by the National Assembly
                                        elections: president elected by the
                                        National Assembly for a five-year
                                        term; election last held 24 February
                                        2002 (next to be held NA 2007);
                                        prime minister appointed by the
                                        president with the approval of the
                                        National Assembly for a five-year
                                        term
                                        election results: KHAMTAI Siphandon
                                        elected president; percent of
                                        National Assembly vote - NA%
                    Legislative branch: unicameral National Assembly (109
                                        seats; members elected by popular
                                        vote to serve five-year terms; note
                                        - total number of seats increased
                                        from 99 to 109 for the 2002
                                        election)
                                        elections: last held 24 February
                                        2002 (next to be held NA 2007)
                                        election results: percent of vote by
                                        party - NA%; seats by party - LPRP
                                        or LPRP-approved (independent, non-
                                        party members) 109
                       Judicial branch: People's Supreme Court (the
                                        president of the People's Supreme
                                        Court is elected by the National
                                        Assembly on the recommendation of
                                        the National Assembly Standing
                                        Committee; the vice president of the
                                        People's Supreme Court and the
                                        judges are appointed by the National
                                        Assembly Standing Committee)
         Political parties and leaders: Lao People's Revolutionary Party or
                                        LPRP [KHAMTAI Siphandon, party
                                        president]; other parties proscribed
          Political pressure groups and noncommunist political groups
                               leaders: proscribed; most opposition leaders
                                        fled the country in 1975
             International organization ACCT, ARF, AsDB, ASEAN, CP, ESCAP,
                         participation: FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA,
                                        IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF,
                                        Interpol, IOC, ITU, NAM, OPCW, PCA,
                                        UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU,
                                        WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO
                                        (observer)
   Diplomatic representation in the US: chief of mission: Ambassador VANG
                                        Rattanavong
                                        FAX: [1] (202) 332-4923
                                        telephone: [1] (202) 332-6416
                                        chancery: 2222 S Street NW,
                                        Washington, DC 20008
     Diplomatic representation from the chief of mission: Ambassador Douglas
                                    US: A. HARTWICK
                                        embassy: 19 Rue Bartholonie, B. P.
                                        114, Vientiane
                                        mailing address: American Embassy,
                                        Box V, APO AP 96546
                                        telephone: [856] (21) 212581,
                                        212582, 212585
                                        FAX: [856] (21) 212584
                      Flag description: three horizontal bands of red (top),
                                        blue (double width), and red with a
                                        large white disk centered in the
                                        blue band
  
   Economy Laos
   ------------
                    Economy - overview: The government of Laos - one of the
                                        few remaining official Communist
                                        states - began decentralizing
                                        control and encouraging private
                                        enterprise in 1986. The results,
                                        starting from an extremely low base,
                                        were striking - growth averaged 7%
                                        in 1988-2001 except during the
                                        short-lived drop caused by the Asian
                                        financial crisis beginning in 1997.
                                        Despite this high growth rate, Laos
                                        remains a country with a primitive
                                        infrastructure; it has no railroads,
                                        a rudimentary road system, and
                                        limited external and internal
                                        telecommunications. Electricity is
                                        available in only a few urban areas.
                                        Subsistence agriculture accounts for
                                        half of GDP and provides 80% of
                                        total employment. The economy will
                                        continue to benefit from aid from
                                        the IMF and other international
                                        sources and from new foreign
                                        investment in food-processing and
                                        mining.
                                   GDP: purchasing power parity - $9.2
                                        billion (2001 est.)
                GDP - real growth rate: 5% (2001 est.)
                      GDP - per capita: purchasing power parity - $1,630
                                        (2001 est.)
           GDP - composition by sector: agriculture: 53%
                                        industry: 22%
                                        services: 25% (2000 est.)
         Population below poverty line: 40% (2001 est.)
     Household income or consumption by lowest 10%: 3.2%
                      percentage share: highest 10%: 30.6% (1997)
   Distribution of family income - Gini 37 (1997)
                                 index:
      Inflation rate (consumer prices): 10% (2001 est.)
                           Labor force: 2.4 million (1999)
           Labor force - by occupation: agriculture 80% (1997 est.)
                     Unemployment rate: 5.7% (1997 est.)
                                Budget: revenues: $211 million
                                        expenditures: $462 million,
                                        including capital expenditures of
                                        $NA (FY98/99 est.)
                            Industries: tin and gypsum mining, timber,
                                        electric power, agricultural
                                        processing, construction, garments,
                                        tourism
     Industrial production growth rate: 7.5% (1999 est.)
              Electricity - production: 1.02 billion kWh (2000)
    Electricity - production by source: fossil fuel: 1.96%
                                        hydro: 98.04%
                                        other: 0% (2000)
                                        nuclear: 0%
             Electricity - consumption: 690.6 million kWh (2000)
                 Electricity - exports: 400 million kWh (2000)
                 Electricity - imports: 142 million kWh (2000)
                Agriculture - products: sweet potatoes, vegetables, corn,
                                        coffee, sugarcane, tobacco, cotton;
                                        tea, peanuts, rice; water buffalo,
                                        pigs, cattle, poultry
                               Exports: $325 million (2001 est.)
                 Exports - commodities: wood products, garments,
                                        electricity, coffee, tin
                    Exports - partners: Thailand 20%, France 7.5%, Germany
                                        5.9%, UK 4.1%, Belgium 4% (2000)
                               Imports: $540 million (f.o.b., 2000 est.)
                 Imports - commodities: machinery and equipment, vehicles,
                                        fuel
                    Imports - partners: Thailand 52%, Singapore 3.9%, Japan
                                        1.6%, Hong Kong 1.5%, China 0.8%
                                        (2000)
                       Debt - external: $2.53 billion (1999)
              Economic aid - recipient: $345 million (1999 est.)
                              Currency: kip (LAK)
                         Currency code: LAK
                        Exchange rates: kips per US dollar - 9,467.00
                                        (December 2001), 8,954.58 (2001),
                                        7,887.64 (2000), 7,102.03 (1999),
                                        3,298.33 (1998), 1,259.98 (1997)
                           Fiscal year: 1 October - 30 September
  
   Communications Laos
   -------------------
        Telephones - main lines in use: 25,000 (1997)
          Telephones - mobile cellular: 4,915 (1997)
                      Telephone system: general assessment: service to
                                        general public is poor but
                                        improving, with over 20,000
                                        telephones currently in service and
                                        an additional 48,000 expected by
                                        2001; the government relies on a
                                        radiotelephone network to
                                        communicate with remote areas
                                        domestic: radiotelephone
                                        communications
                                        international: satellite earth
                                        station - 1 Intersputnik (Indian
                                        Ocean region)
              Radio broadcast stations: AM 12, FM 1, shortwave 4 (1998)
                                Radios: 730,000 (1997)
         Television broadcast stations: 4 (1999)
                           Televisions: 52,000 (1997)
                 Internet country code: .la
     Internet Service Providers (ISPs): 1 (2000)
                        Internet users: 6,000 (2001)
  
   Transportation Laos
   -------------------
                              Railways: 0 km (2001)
                              Highways: total: 14,000 km
                                        paved: 3,360 km
                                        unpaved: 10,640 km (1991)
                             Waterways: 4,587 km approximately
                                        note: primarily Mekong and
                                        tributaries; 2,897 additional km are
                                        intermittently navigable by craft
                                        drawing less than 0.5 m
                             Pipelines: petroleum products 136 km
                     Ports and harbors: none
                       Merchant marine: total: 1 ship (1,000 GRT or over)
                                        totaling 2,370 GRT/3,110 DWT
                                        ships by type: cargo 1 (2002 est.)
                              Airports: 51 (2001)
         Airports - with paved runways: total: 9
                                        2,438 to 3,047 m: 1
                                        1,524 to 2,437 m: 5
                                        914 to 1,523 m: 3 (2001)
       Airports - with unpaved runways: total: 42
                                        1,524 to 2,437 m: 1
                                        914 to 1,523 m: 15
                                        under 914 m: 26 (2001)
  
   Military Laos
   -------------
                     Military branches: Lao People's Army (LPA; including
                                        Riverine Force), Air Force, National
                                        Police Department
      Military manpower - military age: 18 years of age (2002 est.)
      Military manpower - availability: males age 15-49: 1,365,027 (2002
                                        est.)
   Military manpower - fit for military males age 15-49: 734,945 (2002 est.)
                               service:
           Military manpower - reaching males: 64,437 (2002 est.)
                 military age annually:
         Military expenditures - dollar $55 million (FY98)
                                figure:
     Military expenditures - percent of 4.2% (FY96/97)
                                   GDP:
  
   Transnational Issues Laos
   -------------------------
              Disputes - international: demarcation of boundaries with
                                        Cambodia, Thailand, and Vietnam is
                                        nearing completion, but with
                                        Thailand, several areas including
                                        Mekong River islets, remain in
                                        dispute; ongoing disputes with
                                        Thailand and Vietnam over squatters
                         Illicit drugs: world's third-largest illicit opium
                                        producer (estimated cultivation in
                                        2001 - 22,000 hectares, a 5%
                                        decrease over 2000; estimated
                                        potential production in 2001 - 200
                                        metric tons, about the same as in
                                        2000); potential heroin producer;
                                        transshipment point for heroin and
                                        methamphetamine produced in Burma;
                                        illicit producer of cannabis;
                                        growing methamphetamine abuse
                                        problem
  
                                       



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