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World Gazetteer Results for Belbees:
NameBelbees
Alternate NamesBilbays
Original Namesبلبيس
Geographical TypeLocality
Population129211
Latitude
Longitude
CountryEgypt
Administrative Divisionaš-Šarqīyah
3rd Administrative DivisionHaute-Garonne
Dictionary Results for Egypt:
1. WordNet® 3.0 (2006)
Egypt
    n 1: a republic in northeastern Africa known as the United Arab
         Republic until 1971; site of an ancient civilization that
         flourished from 2600 to 30 BC [syn: Egypt, Arab Republic
         of Egypt, United Arab Republic]
    2: an ancient empire to the west of Israel; centered on the Nile
       River and ruled by a Pharaoh; figured in many events
       described in the Old Testament [syn: Egyptian Empire,
       Egypt]

2. The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48
Egypt \Egypt\ n.
   a country at the northeastern corner of Africa. At one time
   it was joined with Syria to form the United Arab Republic.

   Syn: United Arab Republic.
        [WordNet 1.5]

3. Easton's 1897 Bible Dictionary
Egypt
   the land of the Nile and the pyramids, the oldest kingdom of
   which we have any record, holds a place of great significance in
   Scripture.
   
     The Egyptians belonged to the white race, and their original
   home is still a matter of dispute. Many scholars believe that it
   was in Southern Arabia, and recent excavations have shown that
   the valley of the Nile was originally inhabited by a low-class
   population, perhaps belonging to the Nigritian stock, before the
   Egyptians of history entered it. The ancient Egyptian language,
   of which the latest form is Coptic, is distantly connected with
   the Semitic family of speech.
   
     Egypt consists geographically of two halves, the northern
   being the Delta, and the southern Upper Egypt, between Cairo and
   the First Cataract. In the Old Testament, Northern or Lower
   Egypt is called Mazor, "the fortified land" (Isa. 19:6; 37: 25,
   where the A.V. mistranslates "defence" and "besieged places");
   while Southern or Upper Egypt is Pathros, the Egyptian
   Pa-to-Res, or "the land of the south" (Isa. 11:11). But the
   whole country is generally mentioned under the dual name of
   Mizraim, "the two Mazors."
   
     The civilization of Egypt goes back to a very remote
   antiquity. The two kingdoms of the north and south were united
   by Menes, the founder of the first historical dynasty of kings.
   The first six dynasties constitute what is known as the Old
   Empire, which had its capital at Memphis, south of Cairo, called
   in the Old Testament Moph (Hos. 9:6) and Noph. The native name
   was Mennofer, "the good place."
   
     The Pyramids were tombs of the monarchs of the Old Empire,
   those of Gizeh being erected in the time of the Fourth Dynasty.
   After the fall of the Old Empire came a period of decline and
   obscurity. This was followed by the Middle Empire, the most
   powerful dynasty of which was the Twelfth. The Fayyum was
   rescued for agriculture by the kings of the Twelfth Dynasty; and
   two obelisks were erected in front of the temple of the sun-god
   at On or Heliopolis (near Cairo), one of which is still
   standing. The capital of the Middle Empire was Thebes, in Upper
   Egypt.
   
     The Middle Empire was overthrown by the invasion of the
   Hyksos, or shepherd princes from Asia, who ruled over Egypt,
   more especially in the north, for several centuries, and of whom
   there were three dynasties of kings. They had their capital at
   Zoan or Tanis (now San), in the north-eastern part of the Delta.
   It was in the time of the Hyksos that Abraham, Jacob, and Joseph
   entered Egypt. The Hyksos were finally expelled about B.C. 1600,
   by the hereditary princes of Thebes, who founded the Eighteenth
   Dynasty, and carried the war into Asia. Canaan and Syria were
   subdued, as well as Cyprus, and the boundaries of the Egyptian
   Empire were fixed at the Euphrates. The Soudan, which had been
   conquered by the kings of the Twelfth Dynasty, was again annexed
   to Egypt, and the eldest son of the Pharaoh took the title of
   "Prince of Cush."
   
     One of the later kings of the dynasty, Amenophis IV., or
   Khu-n-Aten, endeavoured to supplant the ancient state religion
   of Egypt by a new faith derived from Asia, which was a sort of
   pantheistic monotheism, the one supreme god being adored under
   the image of the solar disk. The attempt led to religious and
   civil war, and the Pharaoh retreated from Thebes to Central
   Egypt, where he built a new capital, on the site of the present
   Tell-el-Amarna. The cuneiform tablets that have been found there
   represent his foreign correspondence (about B.C. 1400). He
   surrounded himself with officials and courtiers of Asiatic, and
   more especially Canaanitish, extraction; but the native party
   succeeded eventually in overthrowing the government, the capital
   of Khu-n-Aten was destroyed, and the foreigners were driven out
   of the country, those that remained being reduced to serfdom.
   
     The national triumph was marked by the rise of the Nineteenth
   Dynasty, in the founder of which, Rameses I., we must see the
   "new king, who knew not Joseph." His grandson, Rameses II.,
   reigned sixty-seven years (B.C. 1348-1281), and was an
   indefatigable builder. As Pithom, excavated by Dr. Naville in
   1883, was one of the cities he built, he must have been the
   Pharaoh of the Oppression. The Pharaoh of the Exodus may have
   been one of his immediate successors, whose reigns were short.
   Under them Egypt lost its empire in Asia, and was itself
   attacked by barbarians from Libya and the north.
   
     The Nineteenth Dynasty soon afterwards came to an end; Egypt
   was distracted by civil war; and for a short time a Canaanite,
   Arisu, ruled over it.
   
     Then came the Twentieth Dynasty, the second Pharaoh of which,
   Rameses III., restored the power of his country. In one of his
   campaigns he overran the southern part of Palestine, where the
   Israelites had not yet settled. They must at the time have been
   still in the wilderness. But it was during the reign of Rameses
   III. that Egypt finally lost Gaza and the adjoining cities,
   which were seized by the Pulista, or Philistines.
   
     After Rameses III., Egypt fell into decay. Solomon married the
   daughter of one of the last kings of the Twenty-first Dynasty,
   which was overthrown by Shishak I., the general of the Libyan
   mercenaries, who founded the Twenty-second Dynasty (1 Kings
   11:40; 14:25, 26). A list of the places he captured in Palestine
   is engraved on the outside of the south wall of the temple of
   Karnak.
   
     In the time of Hezekiah, Egypt was conquered by Ethiopians
   from the Soudan, who constituted the Twenty-fifth Dynasty. The
   third of them was Tirhakah (2 Kings 19:9). In B.C. 674 it was
   conquered by the Assyrians, who divided it into twenty
   satrapies, and Tirhakah was driven back to his ancestral
   dominions. Fourteen years later it successfully revolted under
   Psammetichus I. of Sais, the founder of the Twenty-sixth
   Dynasty. Among his successors were Necho (2 Kings 23:29) and
   Hophra, or Apries (Jer. 37:5, 7, 11). The dynasty came to an end
   in B.C. 525, when the country was subjugated by Cambyses. Soon
   afterwards it was organized into a Persian satrapy.
   
     The title of Pharaoh, given to the Egyptian kings, is the
   Egyptian Per-aa, or "Great House," which may be compared to that
   of "Sublime Porte." It is found in very early Egyptian texts.
   
     The Egyptian religion was a strange mixture of pantheism and
   animal worship, the gods being adored in the form of animals.
   While the educated classes resolved their manifold deities into
   manifestations of one omnipresent and omnipotent divine power,
   the lower classes regarded the animals as incarnations of the
   gods.
   
     Under the Old Empire, Ptah, the Creator, the god of Memphis,
   was at the head of the Pantheon; afterwards Amon, the god of
   Thebes, took his place. Amon, like most of the other gods, was
   identified with Ra, the sun-god of Heliopolis.
   
     The Egyptians believed in a resurrection and future life, as
   well as in a state of rewards and punishments dependent on our
   conduct in this world. The judge of the dead was Osiris, who had
   been slain by Set, the representative of evil, and afterwards
   restored to life. His death was avenged by his son Horus, whom
   the Egyptians invoked as their "Redeemer." Osiris and Horus,
   along with Isis, formed a trinity, who were regarded as
   representing the sun-god under different forms.
   
     Even in the time of Abraham, Egypt was a flourishing and
   settled monarchy. Its oldest capital, within the historic
   period, was Memphis, the ruins of which may still be seen near
   the Pyramids and the Sphinx. When the Old Empire of Menes came
   to an end, the seat of empire was shifted to Thebes, some 300
   miles farther up the Nile. A short time after that, the Delta
   was conquered by the Hyksos, or shepherd kings, who fixed their
   capital at Zoan, the Greek Tanis, now San, on the Tanic arm of
   the Nile. All this occurred before the time of the new king
   "which knew not Joseph" (Ex. 1:8). In later times Egypt was
   conquered by the Persians (B.C. 525), and by the Greeks under
   Alexander the Great (B.C. 332), after whom the Ptolemies ruled
   the country for three centuries. Subsequently it was for a time
   a province of the Roman Empire; and at last, in A.D. 1517, it
   fell into the hands of the Turks, of whose empire it still forms
   nominally a part. Abraham and Sarah went to Egypt in the time of
   the shepherd kings. The exile of Joseph and the migration of
   Jacob to "the land of Goshen" occurred about 200 years later. On
   the death of Solomon, Shishak, king of Egypt, invaded Palestine
   (1 Kings 14:25). He left a list of the cities he conquered.
   
     A number of remarkable clay tablets, discovered at
   Tell-el-Amarna in Upper Egypt, are the most important historical
   records ever found in connection with the Bible. They most fully
   confirm the historical statements of the Book of Joshua, and
   prove the antiquity of civilization in Syria and Palestine. As
   the clay in different parts of Palestine differs, it has been
   found possible by the clay alone to decide where the tablets
   come from when the name of the writer is lost. The inscriptions
   are cuneiform, and in the Aramaic language, resembling Assyrian.
   The writers are Phoenicians, Amorites, and Philistines, but in
   no instance Hittites, though Hittites are mentioned. The tablets
   consist of official dispatches and letters, dating from B.C.
   1480, addressed to the two Pharaohs, Amenophis III. and IV., the
   last of this dynasty, from the kings and governors of Phoenicia
   and Palestine. There occur the names of three kings killed by
   Joshua, Adoni-zedec, king of Jerusalem, Japhia, king of Lachish
   (Josh. 10:3), and Jabin, king of Hazor (11:1); also the Hebrews
   (Abiri) are said to have come from the desert.
   
     The principal prophecies of Scripture regarding Egypt are
   these, Isa. 19; Jer. 43: 8-13; 44:30; 46; Ezek. 29-32; and it
   might be easily shown that they have all been remarkably
   fulfilled. For example, the singular disappearance of Noph
   (i.e., Memphis) is a fulfilment of Jer. 46:19, Ezek. 30:13.
   

4. Hitchcock's Bible Names Dictionary (late 1800's)
Egypt, that troubles or oppresses; anguish


5. CIA World Factbook 2002
Egypt

   Introduction Egypt
   ------------------
                            Background: Nominally independent from the UK in
                                        1922, Egypt acquired full
                                        sovereignty following World War II.
                                        The completion of the Aswan High Dam
                                        in 1971 and the resultant Lake
                                        Nasser have altered the time-honored
                                        place of the Nile river in the
                                        agriculture and ecology of Egypt. A
                                        rapidly growing population (the
                                        largest in the Arab world), limited
                                        arable land, and dependence on the
                                        Nile all continue to overtax
                                        resources and stress society. The
                                        government has struggled to ready
                                        the economy for the new millennium
                                        through economic reform and massive
                                        investment in communications and
                                        physical infrastructure.
  
   Geography Egypt
   ---------------
                              Location: Northern Africa, bordering the
                                        Mediterranean Sea, between Libya and
                                        the Gaza Strip
                Geographic coordinates: 27 00 N, 30 00 E
                        Map references: Africa
                                  Area: total: 1,001,450 sq km
                                        land: 995,450 sq km
                                        water: 6,000 sq km
                    Area - comparative: slightly more than three times the
                                        size of New Mexico
                       Land boundaries: total: 2,665 km
                                        border countries: Gaza Strip 11 km,
                                        Israel 266 km, Libya 1,115 km, Sudan
                                        1,273 km
                             Coastline: 2,450 km
                       Maritime claims: contiguous zone: 24 NM
                                        territorial sea: 12 NM
                                        continental shelf: 200-m depth or to
                                        the depth of exploitation
                                        exclusive economic zone: 200 NM
                               Climate: desert; hot, dry summers with
                                        moderate winters
                               Terrain: vast desert plateau interrupted by
                                        Nile valley and delta
                    Elevation extremes: lowest point: Qattara Depression -
                                        133 m
                                        highest point: Mount Catherine 2,629
                                        m
                     Natural resources: petroleum, natural gas, iron ore,
                                        phosphates, manganese, limestone,
                                        gypsum, talc, asbestos, lead, zinc
                              Land use: arable land: 2.85%
                                        permanent crops: 0.47%
                                        other: 96.68% (1998 est.)
                        Irrigated land: 33,000 sq km (1998 est.)
                       Natural hazards: periodic droughts; frequent
                                        earthquakes, flash floods,
                                        landslides; hot, driving windstorm
                                        called khamsin occurs in spring;
                                        dust storms, sandstorms
          Environment - current issues: agricultural land being lost to
                                        urbanization and windblown sands;
                                        increasing soil salination below
                                        Aswan High Dam; desertification; oil
                                        pollution threatening coral reefs,
                                        beaches, and marine habitats; other
                                        water pollution from agricultural
                                        pesticides, raw sewage, and
                                        industrial effluents; very limited
                                        natural fresh water resources away
                                        from the Nile which is the only
                                        perennial water source; rapid growth
                                        in population overstraining the Nile
                                        and natural resources
            Environment - international party to: Biodiversity, Climate
                            agreements: Change, Desertification, Endangered
                                        Species, Environmental Modification,
                                        Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea,
                                        Marine Dumping, Nuclear Test Ban,
                                        Ozone Layer Protection, Ship
                                        Pollution, Tropical Timber 83,
                                        Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands
                                        signed, but not ratified: Climate
                                        Change-Kyoto Protocol
                      Geography - note: controls Sinai Peninsula, only land
                                        bridge between Africa and remainder
                                        of Eastern Hemisphere; controls Suez
                                        Canal, shortest sea link between
                                        Indian Ocean and Mediterranean Sea;
                                        size, and juxtaposition to Israel,
                                        establish its major role in Middle
                                        Eastern geopolitics; dependence on
                                        upstream neighbors; dominance of
                                        Nile basin issues; prone to influxes
                                        of refugees
  
   People Egypt
   ------------
                            Population: 70,712,345 (July 2002 est.)
                         Age structure: 0-14 years: 33.96% (male 12,292,185;
                                        female 11,721,469)
                                        15-64 years: 62.18% (male
                                        22,190,637; female 21,775,504)
                                        65 years and over: 3.86% (male
                                        1,191,091; female 1,541,459) (2002
                                        est.)
                Population growth rate: 1.66% (2002 est.)
                            Birth rate: 24.41 births/1,000 population (2002
                                        est.)
                            Death rate: 7.58 deaths/1,000 population (2002
                                        est.)
                    Net migration rate: -0.24 migrant(s)/1,000 population
                                        (2002 est.)
                             Sex ratio: at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female
                                        under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female
                                        15-64 years: 1.02 male(s)/female
                                        65 years and over: 0.77 male(s)/
                                        female
                                        total population: 1.02 male(s)/
                                        female (2002 est.)
                 Infant mortality rate: 58.6 deaths/1,000 live births (2002
                                        est.)
              Life expectancy at birth: total population: 64.05 years
                                        female: 66.24 years (2002 est.)
                                        male: 61.96 years
                  Total fertility rate: 2.99 children born/woman (2002 est.)
      HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate: 0.02% (1999 est.)
     HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/ NA
                                  AIDS:
                     HIV/AIDS - deaths: NA
                           Nationality: noun: Egyptian(s)
                                        adjective: Egyptian
                         Ethnic groups: Eastern Hamitic stock (Egyptians,
                                        Bedouins, and Berbers) 99%, Greek,
                                        Nubian, Armenian, other European
                                        (primarily Italian and French) 1%
                             Religions: Muslim (mostly Sunni) 94%, Coptic
                                        Christian and other 6%
                             Languages: Arabic (official), English and
                                        French widely understood by educated
                                        classes
                              Literacy: definition: age 15 and over can read
                                        and write
                                        total population: 51.4%
                                        male: 63.6%
                                        female: 38.8% (1995 est.)
  
   Government Egypt
   ----------------
                          Country name: conventional long form: Arab
                                        Republic of Egypt
                                        conventional short form: Egypt
                                        local short form: Misr
                                        former: United Arab Republic (with
                                        Syria)
                                        local long form: Jumhuriyat Misr al-
                                        Arabiyah
                       Government type: republic
                               Capital: Cairo
              Administrative divisions: 26 governorates (muhafazat, singular
                                        - muhafazah); Ad Daqahliyah, Al Bahr
                                        al Ahmar, Al Buhayrah, Al Fayyum, Al
                                        Gharbiyah, Al Iskandariyah, Al
                                        Isma'iliyah, Al Jizah, Al Minufiyah,
                                        Al Minya, Al Qahirah, Al Qalyubiyah,
                                        Al Wadi al Jadid, Ash Sharqiyah, As
                                        Suways, Aswan, Asyut, Bani Suwayf,
                                        Bur Sa'id, Dumyat, Janub Sina', Kafr
                                        ash Shaykh, Matruh, Qina, Shamal
                                        Sina', Suhaj
                          Independence: 28 February 1922 (from UK)
                      National holiday: Revolution Day, 23 July (1952)
                          Constitution: 11 September 1971
                          Legal system: based on English common law, Islamic
                                        law, and Napoleonic codes; judicial
                                        review by Supreme Court and Council
                                        of State (oversees validity of
                                        administrative decisions); accepts
                                        compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with
                                        reservations
                              Suffrage: 18 years of age; universal and
                                        compulsory
                      Executive branch: chief of state: President Mohammed
                                        Hosni MUBARAK (since 14 October
                                        1981)
                                        head of government: Prime Minister
                                        Atef Mohammed ABEID (since 5 October
                                        1999)
                                        cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the
                                        president
                                        elections: president nominated by
                                        the People's Assembly for a six-year
                                        term, the nomination must then be
                                        validated by a national, popular
                                        referendum; national referendum last
                                        held 26 September 1999 (next to be
                                        held NA October 2005); prime
                                        minister appointed by the president
                                        election results: national
                                        referendum validated President
                                        MUBARAK's nomination by the People's
                                        Assembly to a fourth term
                    Legislative branch: bicameral system consists of the
                                        People's Assembly or Majlis al-Sha'b
                                        (454 seats; 444 elected by popular
                                        vote, 10 appointed by the president;
                                        members serve five-year terms) and
                                        the Advisory Council or Majlis al-
                                        Shura - which functions only in a
                                        consultative role (264 seats; 176
                                        elected by popular vote, 88
                                        appointed by the president; members
                                        serve NA-year terms)
                                        elections: People's Assembly -
                                        three-phase voting - last held 19
                                        October, 29 October, 8 November 2000
                                        (next to be held NA November 2005);
                                        Advisory Council - last held 7 June
                                        1995 (next to be held NA)
                                        election results: People's Assembly
                                        - percent of vote by party - NDP
                                        88%, independents 8%, opposition 4%;
                                        seats by party - NDP 398, NWP 7,
                                        Tagammu 6, Nasserists 2, LSP 1,
                                        independents 38, undecided 2;
                                        Advisory Council - percent of vote
                                        by party - NDP 99%, independents 1%;
                                        seats by party - NA
                       Judicial branch: Supreme Constitutional Court
         Political parties and leaders: Nasserist Arab Democratic Party or
                                        Nasserists [Dia' al-din DAWUD];
                                        National Democratic Party or NDP
                                        [President Mohammed Hosni MUBARAK] -
                                        governing party; National
                                        Progressive Unionist Grouping or
                                        Tagammu [Khalid MUHI AL-DIN]; New
                                        Wafd Party or NWP [No'man GOMA];
                                        Socialist Liberal Party or LSP
                                        [leader NA]
                                        note: formation of political parties
                                        must be approved by the government
          Political pressure groups and despite a constitutional ban against
                               leaders: religious-based parties, the
                                        technically illegal Muslim
                                        Brotherhood constitutes MUBARAK's
                                        potentially most significant
                                        political opposition; MUBARAK
                                        tolerated limited political activity
                                        by the Brotherhood for his first two
                                        terms, but moved more aggressively
                                        since then to block its influence;
                                        civic society groups are sanctioned,
                                        but constrained in practical terms;
                                        trade unions and professional
                                        associations are officially
                                        sanctioned
             International organization ABEDA, ACC, ACCT, AfDB, AFESD, AL,
                         participation: AMF, BSEC (observer), CAEU, CCC,
                                        EBRD, ECA, ESCWA, FAO, G-15, G-19,
                                        G-24, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC,
                                        ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS,
                                        IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC,
                                        IOM, ISO, ITU, MINURSO, MONUC, NAM,
                                        OAPEC, OAS (observer), OAU, OIC,
                                        OSCE (partner), PCA, UN, UNAMSIL,
                                        UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNITAR,
                                        UNMIBH, UNMIK, UNMOP, UNOMIG, UNRWA,
                                        UNTAET, UPU, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO,
                                        WToO, WTrO
   Diplomatic representation in the US: chief of mission: Ambassador M.
                                        Nabil FAHMY
                                        chancery: 3521 International Court
                                        NW, Washington, DC 20008
                                        consulate(s) general: Chicago,
                                        Houston, New York, and San Francisco
  
                                        FAX: [1] (202) 244-4319
                                        telephone: [1] (202) 895-5440
     Diplomatic representation from the chief of mission: Ambassador C.
                                    US: David WELCH (since 3 Aug. 2001)
                                        embassy: 5 Latin America St., Garden
                                        City, Cairo
                                        mailing address: Unit 64900, APO AE
                                        09839-4900
                                        telephone: [20] (2) 797-3300
                                        FAX: [20] (2) 797-3200
                      Flag description: three equal horizontal bands of red
                                        (top), white, and black with the
                                        national emblem (a shield
                                        superimposed on a golden eagle
                                        facing the hoist side above a scroll
                                        bearing the name of the country in
                                        Arabic) centered in the white band;
                                        similar to the flag of Yemen, which
                                        has a plain white band; also similar
                                        to the flag of Syria, which has two
                                        green stars, and to the flag of
                                        Iraq, which has three green stars
                                        (plus an Arabic inscription) in a
                                        horizontal line centered in the
                                        white band
  
   Economy Egypt
   -------------
                    Economy - overview: Egypt improved its macroeconomic
                                        performance throughout most of the
                                        last decade by following IMF advice
                                        on fiscal, monetary, and structural
                                        reform policies. As a result, Cairo
                                        managed to tame inflation, slash
                                        budget deficits, and attract more
                                        foreign investment. In the past
                                        three years, however, the pace of
                                        reform has slackened, and excessive
                                        spending on national infrastructure
                                        projects has widened budget deficits
                                        again. Lower foreign exchange
                                        earnings since 1998 resulted in
                                        pressure on the Egyptian pound and
                                        periodic dollar shortages. Monetary
                                        pressures have increased since 11
                                        September 2001 because of declines
                                        in tourism, Suez canal tolls, and
                                        exports, and Cairo has devalued the
                                        pound several times in the past
                                        year. The development of a gas
                                        export market is a major bright spot
                                        for future growth prospects.
                                   GDP: purchasing power parity - $258
                                        billion (2001 est.)
                GDP - real growth rate: 2.5% (2001 est.)
                      GDP - per capita: purchasing power parity - $3,700
                                        (2001 est.)
           GDP - composition by sector: agriculture: 14%
                                        industry: 30%
                                        services: 56% (2001)
         Population below poverty line: 22.9% (FY95/96 est.)
     Household income or consumption by lowest 10%: 4.4%
                      percentage share: highest 10%: 25% (1995)
   Distribution of family income - Gini 28.9 (1995)
                                 index:
      Inflation rate (consumer prices): 2.3% (2001)
                           Labor force: 20.6 million (2001 est.)
           Labor force - by occupation: agriculture 29%, industry 22%,
                                        services 49% (2000 est.)
                     Unemployment rate: 12% (2001 est.)
                                Budget: revenues: $21.5 billion
                                        expenditures: $26.2 billion,
                                        including capital expenditures of
                                        $5.9 billion (2001)
                            Industries: textiles, food processing, tourism,
                                        chemicals, hydrocarbons,
                                        construction, cement, metals
     Industrial production growth rate: 1.8% (2001 est.)
              Electricity - production: 69.592 billion kWh (2000)
    Electricity - production by source: fossil fuel: 77.1%
                                        hydro: 22.9%
                                        other: 0% (2000)
                                        nuclear: 0%
             Electricity - consumption: 64.721 billion kWh (2000)
                 Electricity - exports: 0 kWh (2000)
                 Electricity - imports: 0 kWh (2000)
                Agriculture - products: cotton, rice, corn, wheat, beans,
                                        fruits, vegetables; cattle, water
                                        buffalo, sheep, goats
                               Exports: $7.1 billion (f.o.b., 2001 est.)
                 Exports - commodities: crude oil and petroleum products,
                                        cotton, textiles, metal products,
                                        chemicals
                    Exports - partners: EU 43% (Italy 18%, Germany 4%, UK
                                        3.2%), US 15%, Middle East 11%,
                                        Asian countries 9%, (2000)
                               Imports: $164 billion (f.o.b., 2001 est.)
                 Imports - commodities: machinery and equipment, foodstuffs,
                                        chemicals, wood products, fuels
                    Imports - partners: EU 36% (Germany 8%, Italy 8%, France
                                        6%), US 18%, Asian countries 13%, ,
                                        Middle East 6% (2000)
                       Debt - external: $29 billion (2001 est.)
              Economic aid - recipient: ODA, $2.25 billion (1999)
                              Currency: Egyptian pound (EGP)
                         Currency code: EGP
                        Exchange rates: Egyptian pounds per US dollar -
                                        market rate - 4.5000 (January 2002),
                                        4.4900 (2001), 3.6900 (2000), 3.4050
                                        (1999), 3.3880 (1998), 3.3880 (1997)
                           Fiscal year: 1 July - 30 June
  
   Communications Egypt
   --------------------
        Telephones - main lines in use: 3,971,500 (December 1998)
          Telephones - mobile cellular: 380,000 (1999)
                      Telephone system: general assessment: large system;
                                        underwent extensive upgrading during
                                        1990s and is reasonably modern;
                                        Internet access and cellular service
                                        are available
                                        domestic: principal centers at
                                        Alexandria, Cairo, Al Mansurah,
                                        Ismailia, Suez, and Tanta are
                                        connected by coaxial cable and
                                        microwave radio relay
                                        international: satellite earth
                                        stations - 2 Intelsat (Atlantic
                                        Ocean and Indian Ocean), 1 Arabsat,
                                        and 1 Inmarsat; 5 coaxial submarine
                                        cables; tropospheric scatter to
                                        Sudan; microwave radio relay to
                                        Israel; a participant in Medarabtel
                                        and a signatory to Project Oxygen (a
                                        global submarine fiber-optic cable
                                        system)
              Radio broadcast stations: AM 42 (plus 15 repeaters), FM 14,
                                        shortwave 3 (1999)
                                Radios: 20.5 million (1997)
         Television broadcast stations: 98 (September 1995)
                           Televisions: 7.7 million (1997)
                 Internet country code: .eg
     Internet Service Providers (ISPs): 50 (2000)
                        Internet users: 560,000 (2001)
  
   Transportation Egypt
   --------------------
                              Railways: total: 4,955 km
                                        standard gauge: 4,955 km 1,435-
                                        m gauge (42 km electrified; 1,560 km
                                        double-track) (2000 est.)
                              Highways: total: 64,000 km
                                        paved: 50,000 km
                                        unpaved: 14,000 km (1996)
                             Waterways: 3,500 km
                                        note: including the Nile, Lake
                                        Nasser, Alexandria-Cairo Waterway,
                                        and numerous smaller canals in the
                                        delta; Suez Canal (193.5 km
                                        including approaches), used by
                                        oceangoing vessels drawing up to
                                        16.1 m of water
                             Pipelines: crude oil 1,171 km; petroleum
                                        products 596 km; natural gas 460 km
                     Ports and harbors: Alexandria, Al Ghardaqah, Aswan,
                                        Asyut, Bur Safajah, Damietta, Marsa
                                        Matruh, Port Said, Suez
                       Merchant marine: total: 175 ships (1,000 GRT or over)
                                        totaling 1,331,186 GRT/1,987,964 DWT
  
                                        ships by type: bulk 23, cargo 58,
                                        container 2, liquefied gas 1,
                                        passenger 61, petroleum tanker 14,
                                        roll on/roll off 13, short-sea
                                        passenger 3
                                        note: includes some foreign-owned
                                        ships registered here as a flag of
                                        convenience:, Denmark 1, Germany 1,
                                        Greece 6, Lebanon 3, Monaco 1,
                                        Ukraine 1 (2002 est.)
                              Airports: 92 (2001)
         Airports - with paved runways: total: 72
                                        over 3,047 m: 13
                                        2,438 to 3,047 m: 37
                                        914 to 1,523 m: 2
                                        under 914 m: 3 (2001)
                                        1,524 to 2,437 m: 17
       Airports - with unpaved runways: total: 20
                                        2,438 to 3,047 m: 1
                                        1,524 to 2,437 m: 2
                                        under 914 m: 10 (2001)
                                        914 to 1,523 m: 7
                             Heliports: 2 (2001)
  
   Military Egypt
   --------------
                       Military branches: Army, Navy, Air Force, Air Defense
                                          Command
        Military manpower - military age: 20 years of age (2002 est.)
        Military manpower - availability: males age 15-49: 19,030,030 (2002
                                          est.)
     Military manpower - fit for military males age 15-49: 12,320,902 (2002
                                 service: est.)
    Military manpower - reaching military males: 712,983 (2002 est.)
                            age annually:
   Military expenditures - dollar figure: $4.04 billion (FY99/00)
       Military expenditures - percent of 4.1% (FY99/00)
                                     GDP:
  
   Transnational Issues Egypt
   --------------------------
              Disputes - international: Egypt and Sudan each claim to
                                        administer triangular areas which
                                        extend north and south of the 1899
                                        Treaty boundary along the 22nd
                                        Parallel (in the north, the "Hala'ib
                                        Triangle", is the largest with
                                        20,580 sq km); in 2001, the two
                                        states agreed to discuss an "area of
                                        integration" and withdraw military
                                        forces in the overlapping areas
                         Illicit drugs: transit point for Southwest Asian
                                        and Southeast Asian heroin and opium
                                        moving to Europe, Africa, and the
                                        US; transit stop for Nigerian
                                        couriers
  
                                       



6. U.S. Gazetteer Places (2000)
Egypt, AR -- U.S. town in Arkansas
   Population (2000):    101
   Housing Units (2000): 51
   Land area (2000):     0.368005 sq. miles (0.953129 sq. km)
   Water area (2000):    0.000000 sq. miles (0.000000 sq. km)
   Total area (2000):    0.368005 sq. miles (0.953129 sq. km)
   FIPS code:            20920
   Located within:       Arkansas (AR), FIPS 05
   Location:             35.867472 N, 90.945372 W
   ZIP Codes (1990):    
   Note: some ZIP codes may be omitted esp. for suburbs.
   Headwords:
    Egypt, AR
    Egypt


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