| aberration, absurdity, alienation, amentia, arrested development, asininity, backwardness, battiness, blithering idiocy, brain disease, brainlessness, buffoonery, clownishness, crack-up, crackpottedness, crankiness, craziness, cretinism, daffiness, delirium, delusion, dementia praecox, derangement, desipience, distraction, dotage, dottiness, eccentricity, emotional disorder, emotional instability, fatuity, fatuousness, folly, foolery, foolheadedness, foolishness, frenzy, frivolity, frivolousness, functional nervous disorder, giddiness, goofiness, half-wittedness, hallucination, hysteria, idiocy, idiotism, illusion, imbecility, impracticality, inanity, ineptitude, infantilism, insaneness, irrationality, irresponsibility, lunacy, madness, maladjustment, mania, manic-depressive psychosis, melancholia, mental defectiveness, mental deficiency, mental derangement, mental disorder, mental handicap, mental illness, mental retardation, mindlessness, mongolianism, mongolism, mongoloid idiocy, moronism, moronity, nervous breakdown, nervous disorder, neurosis, niaiserie, nonsense, nugacity, nuttiness, paranoia, personality disorder, preposterousness, problems in living, profound idiocy, psychoneurosis, psychopathy, psychosis, queerness, reaction, retardation, retardment, sappiness, schizophrenia, screwiness, senselessness, silliness, simple-wittedness, simplemindedness, simpleness, simplicity, social maladjustment, stupidity, subnormality, thoughtlessness, triflingness, triviality, unbalance, unreasonableness, wackiness, weirdness, witlessness, zaniness, zanyism |
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Insanity \In*san"i*ty\, n. [L. insanitas unsoundness; cf.
insania insanity, F. insanite.]
1. The state of being insane; unsoundness or derangement of
mind; madness; lunacy.
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All power of fancy over reason is a degree of
insanity. --Johnson.
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Without grace
The heart's insanity admits no cure. --Cowper.
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2. (Law) Such a mental condition, as, either from the
existence of delusions, or from incapacity to distinguish
between right and wrong, with regard to any matter under
action, does away with individual responsibility.
Syn: Insanity, Lunacy, Madness, Derangement,
Alienation, Aberration, Mania, Delirium,
Frenzy, Monomania, Dementia.
Usage: Insanity is the generic term for all such diseases;
lunacy has now an equal extent of meaning, though once
used to denote periodical insanity; madness has the
same extent, though originally referring to the rage
created by the disease; derangement, alienation, are
popular terms for insanity; delirium, mania, and
frenzy denote excited states of the disease; dementia
denotes the loss of mental power by this means;
monomania is insanity upon a single subject.
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INSANITY, med. jur. A continued impetuosity of thought, which, for the time
being, totally unfits a man for judging and acting in relation to the matter
in question, with the composure requisite for the maintenance of the social
relations of life. Various other definitions of this state have been given,
but perhaps the subject is not susceptible of any satisfactory definition,
which shall, with, precision, include all cases of insanity, and exclude all
others. Ray, Med. Jur. Sec. 24, p. 50.
2. It may be considered in a threefold point of view: 1. A chronic
disease, manifested by deviations from the healthy and natural state of the
mind, such deviations consisting in a morbid perversion of the feelings,
affections and habits. 2. Disturbances of the intellectual faculties, under
the influence of which the understanding becomes susceptible of
hallucinations or erroneous. impressions of a particular kind. 3. A state of
mental incoherence or constant hurry and confusion of thought. Cyclo.
Practical Medicine, h. t.; Brewster's Encyclopaedia, h. t.; Observations on
the Deranged Manifestations of the Mind, or Insanity, 71, 72; Merl. R�pert.
mots Demenoe, Folie, Imbecilite; 6 Watts & Serg. 451.
3. The diseases included under the name of insanity have been arranged
under two divisions, founded on two very different conditions of the brain.
Ray, Med. Jur. ch. 1, Sec. 33.
4.-1. The want of, or a defective development of the faculties. 1st.
Idiocy, resulting from, 1. Congenital defect. 2. An obstacle to the
development of the faculties, supervening in infancy. 2d. Imbecility,
resulting from, 1. Congenital defects. 2. An obstacle to the development of
the faculties, supervening in infancy.
5.-2. The lesion of the faculties subsequent to their development. In
this division may be classed, 1st. Mania, which is, 1. Intellectual, and is
general or partial. 2. Affective and is general or, partial. 2d. Dementia,
which is, 1. Consecutive to mania, or injuries of the brain. 2. Senile, or
peculiar to old age.
6.-There is also a disease which has acquired the name of Moral
insanity. (q. v.)
7. Insanity is an excuse for the commission of acts which in others
would be crimes, because the insane man has no intention; it deprives a man
also from entering into any valid contract. Vide Lunacy; Non compos mentis,
and Stock on the Law of Non Compotes Mentis; 1 Hagg. Cons. R. 417; 3 Addams,
R. 90, 91, 180, 181; 3 Hagg. Eccl. R. 545, 598, 600; 2 Greenl. Ev. Sec. 369,
374; Bouv. Inst. Index, h. t.
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