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1. WordNet® 3.0 (2006)
Bolivia
    n 1: a landlocked republic in central South America; Simon
         Bolivar founded Bolivia in 1825 after winning independence
         from Spain [syn: Bolivia, Republic of Bolivia]
    2: a form of canasta in which sequences can be melded

2. CIA World Factbook 2002
Bolivia

   Introduction Bolivia
   --------------------
                            Background: Bolivia, named after independence
                                        fighter Simon BOLIVAR, broke away
                                        from Spanish rule in 1825; much of
                                        its subsequent history has consisted
                                        of a series of nearly 200 coups and
                                        counter-coups. Comparatively
                                        democratic civilian rule was
                                        established in the 1980s, but
                                        leaders have faced difficult
                                        problems of deep-seated poverty,
                                        social unrest, and drug production.
                                        Current goals include attracting
                                        foreign investment, strengthening
                                        the educational system, continuing
                                        the privatization program, and
                                        waging an anticorruption campaign.
  
   Geography Bolivia
   -----------------
                              Location: Central South America, southwest of
                                        Brazil
                Geographic coordinates: 17 00 S, 65 00 W
                        Map references: South America
                                  Area: total: 1,098,580 sq km
                                        water: 14,190 sq km
                                        land: 1,084,390 sq km
                    Area - comparative: slightly less than three times the
                                        size of Montana
                       Land boundaries: total: 6,743 km
                                        border countries: Argentina 832 km,
                                        Brazil 3,400 km, Chile 861 km,
                                        Paraguay 750 km, Peru 900 km
                             Coastline: 0 km (landlocked)
                       Maritime claims: none (landlocked)
                               Climate: varies with altitude; humid and
                                        tropical to cold and semiarid
                               Terrain: rugged Andes Mountains with a
                                        highland plateau (Altiplano), hills,
                                        lowland plains of the Amazon Basin
                    Elevation extremes: lowest point: Rio Paraguay 90 m
                                        highest point: Nevado Sajama 6,542 m
                     Natural resources: tin, natural gas, petroleum, zinc,
                                        tungsten, antimony, silver, iron,
                                        lead, gold, timber, hydropower
                              Land use: arable land: 1.73%
                                        permanent crops: 0.21%
                                        other: 98.06% (1998 est.)
                        Irrigated land: 1,280 sq km (1998 est.)
                       Natural hazards: flooding in the northeast (March-
                                        April)
          Environment - current issues: the clearing of land for
                                        agricultural purposes and the
                                        international demand for tropical
                                        timber are contributing to
                                        deforestation; soil erosion from
                                        overgrazing and poor cultivation
                                        methods (including slash-and-burn
                                        agriculture); desertification; loss
                                        of biodiversity; industrial
                                        pollution of water supplies used for
                                        drinking and irrigation
            Environment - international party to: Biodiversity, Climate
                            agreements: Change, Climate Change-Kyoto
                                        Protocol, Desertification,
                                        Endangered Species, Hazardous
                                        Wastes, Law of the Sea, Nuclear Test
                                        Ban, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber
                                        83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands
                                        signed, but not ratified:
                                        Environmental Modification, Marine
                                        Dumping, Marine Life Conservation,
                                        Ozone Layer Protection
                      Geography - note: landlocked; shares control of Lago
                                        Titicaca, world's highest navigable
                                        lake (elevation 3,805 m), with Peru
  
   People Bolivia
   --------------
                            Population: 8,445,134 (July 2002 est.)
                         Age structure: 0-14 years: 37.8% (male 1,626,596;
                                        female 1,565,124)
                                        15-64 years: 57.7% (male 2,383,852;
                                        female 2,491,823)
                                        65 years and over: 4.5% (male
                                        169,583; female 208,156) (2002 est.)
                Population growth rate: 1.69% (2002 est.)
                            Birth rate: 26.41 births/1,000 population (2002
                                        est.)
                            Death rate: 8.05 deaths/1,000 population (2002
                                        est.)
                    Net migration rate: -1.42 migrant(s)/1,000 population
                                        (2002 est.)
                             Sex ratio: at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female
                                        under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female
                                        15-64 years: 0.96 male(s)/female
                                        65 years and over: 0.82 male(s)/
                                        female
                                        total population: 0.98 male(s)/
                                        female (2002 est.)
                 Infant mortality rate: 57.52 deaths/1,000 live births (2002
                                        est.)
              Life expectancy at birth: total population: 64.42 years
                                        female: 67.1 years (2002 est.)
                                        male: 61.86 years
                  Total fertility rate: 3.37 children born/woman (2002 est.)
      HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate: 0.1% (1999 est.)
     HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/ 4,200 (1999 est.)
                                  AIDS:
                     HIV/AIDS - deaths: 380 (1999 est.)
                           Nationality: noun: Bolivian(s)
                                        adjective: Bolivian
                         Ethnic groups: Quechua 30%, mestizo (mixed white
                                        and Amerindian ancestry) 30%, Aymara
                                        25%, white 15%
                             Religions: Roman Catholic 95%, Protestant
                                        (Evangelical Methodist)
                             Languages: Spanish (official), Quechua
                                        (official), Aymara (official)
                              Literacy: definition: age 15 and over can read
                                        and write
                                        total population: 83.1%
                                        male: 90.5%
                                        female: 76% (1995 est.)
  
   Government Bolivia
   ------------------
                          Country name: conventional long form: Republic of
                                        Bolivia
                                        conventional short form: Bolivia
                                        local long form: Republica de
                                        Bolivia
                                        local short form: Bolivia
                       Government type: republic
                               Capital: La Paz (seat of government); Sucre
                                        (legal capital and seat of
                                        judiciary)
              Administrative divisions: 9 departments (departamentos,
                                        singular - departamento);
                                        Chuquisaca, Cochabamba, Beni, La
                                        Paz, Oruro, Pando, Potosi, Santa
                                        Cruz, Tarija
                          Independence: 6 August 1825 (from Spain)
                      National holiday: Independence Day, 6 August (1825)
                          Constitution: 2 February 1967; revised in August
                                        1994
                          Legal system: based on Spanish law and Napoleonic
                                        Code; has not accepted compulsory
                                        ICJ jurisdiction
                              Suffrage: 18 years of age, universal and
                                        compulsory (married); 21 years of
                                        age, universal and compulsory
                                        (single)
                      Executive branch: chief of state: President Jorge
                                        Fernando QUIROGA Ramirez (since 7
                                        August 2001); Vice President NA;
                                        note - the president is both the
                                        chief of state and head of
                                        government
                                        note: Vice President Jorge Fernando
                                        QUIROGA Ramirez assumed the
                                        presidency upon the resignation in
                                        August 2001 of former President Hugo
                                        BANZER Suarez for health reasons
                                        head of government: President Jorge
                                        Fernando QUIROGA Ramirez (since 7
                                        August 2001); Vice President NA;
                                        note - the president is both the
                                        chief of state and head of
                                        government
                                        note: Vice President Jorge Fernando
                                        QUIROGA Ramirez assumed the
                                        presidency upon the resignation in
                                        August 2001 of former President Hugo
                                        BANZER Suarez for health reasons
                                        elections: president and vice
                                        president elected on the same ticket
                                        by popular vote for five-year terms;
                                        election last held 1 June 1997 (next
                                        to be held 30 June 2002)
                                        election results: Hugo BANZER Suarez
                                        elected president; percent of vote -
                                        Hugo BANZER Suarez (ADN) 22%; Jaime
                                        PAZ Zamora (MIR) 17%, Juan Carlos
                                        DURAN (MNR) 18%, Ivo KULJIS (UCS)
                                        16%, Remedios LOZA (CONDEPA) 17%; no
                                        candidate received a majority of the
                                        popular vote; Hugo BANZER Suarez won
                                        a congressional runoff election on 5
                                        August 1997 after forming a
                                        "megacoalition" with MIR, UCS,
                                        CONDEPA, NFR, and former Christian
                                        Democratic Party (PDC); resigned 7
                                        August 2001 and was succeeded by
                                        Vice President Jorge Fernando
                                        QUIROGA Ramirez who is serving out
                                        BANZER's term; QUIROGA will step
                                        down in August 2002 when the new
                                        president is chosen by Congress, a
                                        result of no candidate winning a
                                        majority in the 30 June 2002
                                        election
                                        cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the
                                        president
                    Legislative branch: bicameral National Congress or
                                        Congreso Nacional consists of
                                        Chamber of Senators or Camara de
                                        Senadores (27 seats; members are
                                        directly elected by popular vote to
                                        serve five-year terms) and Chamber
                                        of Deputies or Camara de Diputados
                                        (130 seats; members are directly
                                        elected by popular vote to serve
                                        five-year terms; note - some members
                                        are drawn from party lists, thus not
                                        directly elected)
                                        election results: Chamber of
                                        Senators - percent of vote by party
                                        - NA%; seats by party - ADN 11, MIR
                                        7, MNR 4, CONDEPA 3, UCS 2; Chamber
                                        of Deputies - percent of vote by
                                        party - NA%; seats by party - MNR
                                        26, MIR 24, ADN 20, UCS 20, CONDEPA
                                        19, NFR 11, MBL 5, IU 4, FSB 1
                                        elections: Chamber of Senators and
                                        Chamber of Deputies - last held 1
                                        June 1997 (next to be held NA June
                                        2002)
                       Judicial branch: Supreme Court or Corte Suprema
                                        (judges appointed for 10-year terms
                                        by National Congress); District
                                        Courts (one in each department);
                                        provincial and local courts (to try
                                        minor cases)
         Political parties and leaders: Bolivian Socialist Falange or FSB
                                        [Otto RICHTER]; Civic Solidarity
                                        Union or UCS [Johnny FERNANDEZ];
                                        Conscience of the Fatherland or
                                        CONDEPA [Remedios LOZA Alvarado];
                                        Free Bolivia Movement or MBL [Franz
                                        BARRIOS]; Movement of the
                                        Revolutionary Left or MIR [Jaime PAZ
                                        Zamora]; Nationalist Democratic
                                        Action or ADN [Jorge Fernando
                                        QUIROGA Ramirez]; Nationalist
                                        Revolutionary Movement or MNR
                                        [Gonzalo SANCHEZ DE LOZADA]; New
                                        Republican Force or NFR [Manfred
                                        REYES-VILLA]; United Left or IU
                                        [Marcos DOMIC]
                                        note: the ADN, MIR, and UCS comprise
                                        the ruling coalition
          Political pressure groups and Cocalero Groups; indigenous
                               leaders: organizations; labor unions; Sole
                                        Confederation of Campesino Workers
                                        of Bolivia or CSUTCB [Felipe QUISPE]
             International organization CCC, ECLAC, FAO, G-77, IADB, IAEA,
                         participation: IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC,
                                        IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC,
                                        IOM, ISO (correspondent), ITU, LAES,
                                        LAIA, Mercosur (associate), MONUC,
                                        NAM, OAS, OPANAL, OPCW, PCA, RG, UN,
                                        UNAMSIL, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO,
                                        UNTAET, UPU, WCL, WFTU, WHO, WIPO,
                                        WMO, WToO, WTrO
   Diplomatic representation in the US: chief of mission: Ambassador Marlene
                                        FERNANDEZ del Granado
                                        FAX: [1] (202) 328-3712
                                        consulate(s) general: Miami, New
                                        York, and San Francisco
                                        telephone: [1] (202) 483-4410
                                        chancery: 3014 Massachusetts Avenue
                                        NW, Washington, DC 20008
     Diplomatic representation from the chief of mission: Ambassador V.
                                    US: Manuel ROCHA
                                        embassy: Avenida Arce 2780, San
                                        Jorge, La Paz
                                        mailing address: P. O. Box 425, La
                                        Paz; APO AA 34032
                                        telephone: [591] 243-3812
                                        FAX: [591] (2) 433854
                      Flag description: three equal horizontal bands of red
                                        (top), yellow, and green with the
                                        coat of arms centered on the yellow
                                        band; similar to the flag of Ghana,
                                        which has a large black five-pointed
                                        star centered in the yellow band
  
   Economy Bolivia
   ---------------
                    Economy - overview: Bolivia, long one of the poorest and
                                        least developed Latin American
                                        countries, has made considerable
                                        progress toward the development of a
                                        market-oriented economy. Successes
                                        under President SANCHEZ DE LOZADA
                                        (1993-97) included the signing of a
                                        free trade agreement with Mexico and
                                        becoming an associate member of the
                                        Southern Cone Common Market
                                        (Mercosur), as well as the
                                        privatization of the state airline,
                                        telephone company, railroad,
                                        electric power company, and oil
                                        company. Growth slowed in 1999, in
                                        part due to tight government budget
                                        policies, which limited needed
                                        appropriations for anti-poverty
                                        programs, and the fallout from the
                                        Asian financial crisis. In 2000,
                                        major civil disturbances in April,
                                        and again in September and October,
                                        held down overall growth to 2.5%.
                                        Bolivia's GDP failed to grow in 2001
                                        due to the global slowdown and
                                        laggard domestic activity. Growth is
                                        expected to pick up in 2002, but the
                                        fiscal deficit and debt burden will
                                        remain high.
                                   GDP: purchasing power parity - $21.4
                                        billion (2001 est.)
                GDP - real growth rate: 0% (2001 est.)
                      GDP - per capita: purchasing power parity - $2,600
                                        (2001 est.)
           GDP - composition by sector: agriculture: 14%
                                        industry: 31%
                                        services: 55% (2000 est.)
         Population below poverty line: 70% (1999 est.)
     Household income or consumption by lowest 10%: 0.5%
                      percentage share: highest 10%: 45.7% (1997)
   Distribution of family income - Gini 58.9 (1997)
                                 index:
      Inflation rate (consumer prices): 2% (2001 est.)
                           Labor force: 2.5 million
           Labor force - by occupation: agriculture NA%, industry NA%,
                                        services NA%
                     Unemployment rate: 7.6% (2000)
                                        note: widespread underemployment
                                Budget: revenues: $4 billion
                                        expenditures: $4 billion, including
                                        capital expenditures of $NA (2002
                                        est.)
                            Industries: mining, smelting, petroleum, food
                                        and beverages, tobacco, handicrafts,
                                        clothing
     Industrial production growth rate: 3.9% (1998)
              Electricity - production: 3.87 billion kWh (2000)
    Electricity - production by source: fossil fuel: 48.37%
                                        hydro: 50.13%
                                        other: 1.5% (2000)
                                        nuclear: 0%
             Electricity - consumption: 3.605 billion kWh (2000)
                 Electricity - exports: 5 million kWh (2000)
                 Electricity - imports: 11 million kWh (2000)
                Agriculture - products: soybeans, coffee, coca, cotton,
                                        corn, sugarcane, rice, potatoes;
                                        timber
                               Exports: $1.2 billion (2001 est.)
                 Exports - commodities: soybeans, natural gas, zinc, gold,
                                        wood
                    Exports - partners: US 32%, Colombia 18%, UK 15%, Brazil
                                        15%, Peru 6% (2000)
                               Imports: $1.5 billion (2001 est.)
                 Imports - commodities: capital goods, raw materials and
                                        semi-manufactures, chemicals,
                                        petroleum, food
                    Imports - partners: US 24%, Argentina 17%, Brazil 15%,
                                        Chile 9%, Peru 5 (2000)
                       Debt - external: $5.8 billion (2001 est.)
              Economic aid - recipient: $588 million (1997)
                              Currency: boliviano (BOB)
                         Currency code: BOB
                        Exchange rates: bolivianos per US dollar - 6.8613
                                        (January 2002), 6.6069 (2001),
                                        6.1835 (2000), 5.8124 (1999), 5.5101
                                        (1998), 5.2543 (1997)
                           Fiscal year: calendar year
  
   Communications Bolivia
   ----------------------
        Telephones - main lines in use: 327,600 (1996)
          Telephones - mobile cellular: 116,000 (1997)
                      Telephone system: general assessment: new subscribers
                                        face bureaucratic difficulties; most
                                        telephones are concentrated in La
                                        Paz and other cities; mobile
                                        cellular telephone use expanding
                                        rapidly
                                        domestic: primary trunk system,
                                        which is being expanded, employs
                                        digital microwave radio relay; some
                                        areas are served by fiber-optic
                                        cable; mobile cellular systems are
                                        being expanded
                                        international: satellite earth
                                        station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic
                                        Ocean)
              Radio broadcast stations: AM 171, FM 73, shortwave 77 (1999)
                                Radios: 5.25 million (1997)
         Television broadcast stations: 48 (1997)
                           Televisions: 900,000 (1997)
                 Internet country code: .bo
     Internet Service Providers (ISPs): 9 (2000)
                        Internet users: 78,000 (2000)
  
   Transportation Bolivia
   ----------------------
                              Railways: total: 3,691 km
                                        narrow gauge: 3,652 km 1.000-
                                        m gauge; 39 km 0.760-m gauge (13 km
                                        electrified) (1995 est.)
                              Highways: total: 49,400 km
                                        paved: 2,500 km (including 30 km of
                                        expressways)
                                        unpaved: 46,900 km (1996)
                             Waterways: 10,000 km (commercially navigable)
                             Pipelines: crude oil 1,800 km; petroleum
                                        products 580 km; natural gas 1,495
                                        km
                     Ports and harbors: Puerto Aguirre (on the Paraguay/
                                        Parana waterway, at the Bolivia/
                                        Brazil border); also, Bolivia has
                                        free port privileges in maritime
                                        ports in Argentina, Brazil, Chile,
                                        and Paraguay
                       Merchant marine: total: 36 ships (1,000 GRT or over)
                                        totaling 196,399 GRT/320,137 DWT
                                        ships by type: bulk 3, cargo 15,
                                        chemical tanker 2, container 1,
                                        petroleum tanker 13, roll on/roll
                                        off 2
                                        note: includes some foreign-owned
                                        ships registered here as a flag of
                                        Belize 2, China 2, Cuba 1, Cyprus 1,
                                        Egypt 1, Honduras 1, Latvia 2,
                                        Liberia 2, Panama 1, Saint Vincent
                                        and the Grenadines 1, Saudi Arabia
                                        1, Singapore 1, South Korea 3,
                                        Switzerland 1, Ukraine 1, United
                                        Arab Emirates 5, United States 1
                                        (2002 est.)
                              Airports: 1,109 (2001)
         Airports - with paved runways: total: 13
                                        over 3,047 m: 4
                                        2,438 to 3,047 m: 3
                                        1,524 to 2,437 m: 4
                                        914 to 1,523 m: 2 (2001)
       Airports - with unpaved runways: total: 1,096
                                        over 3,047 m: 1
                                        2,438 to 3,047 m: 4
                                        1,524 to 2,437 m: 65
                                        914 to 1,523 m: 236
                                        under 914 m: 790 (2001)
  
   Military Bolivia
   ----------------
                     Military branches: Army (Ejercito Boliviano), Navy
                                        (Fuerza Naval, includes Marines),
                                        Air Force (Fuerza Aerea Boliviana),
                                        National Police Force (Policia
                                        Nacional de Bolivia)
      Military manpower - military age: 19 years of age (2002 est.)
      Military manpower - availability: males age 15-49: 2,062,321 (2002
                                        est.)
   Military manpower - fit for military males age 15-49: 1,343,755 (2002
                               service: est.)
           Military manpower - reaching males: 90,120 (2002 est.)
                 military age annually:
         Military expenditures - dollar $147 million (FY99)
                                figure:
     Military expenditures - percent of 1.8% (FY99)
                                   GDP:
  
   Transnational Issues Bolivia
   ----------------------------
              Disputes - international: continues to demand a sovereign
                                        corridor to the South Pacific Ocean
                                        since the Atacama region was lost to
                                        Chile in 1884
                         Illicit drugs: world's third-largest cultivator of
                                        coca (after Colombia and Peru) with
                                        an estimated 19,900 hectares under
                                        cultivation in July 2001, stable
                                        from July 2000 levels; intermediate
                                        coca products and cocaine exported
                                        to or through Colombia, Brazil,
                                        Argentina, and Chile to the US and
                                        other international drug markets;
                                        eradication and alternative crop
                                        programs under the QUIROGA
                                        administration has kept pace with
                                        farmers' attempts to increase
                                        cultivation after significant
                                        reductions in 1998 and 1999
  
                                       



3. U.S. Gazetteer Places (2000)
Bolivia, NC -- U.S. town in North Carolina
   Population (2000):    148
   Housing Units (2000): 77
   Land area (2000):     0.658647 sq. miles (1.705888 sq. km)
   Water area (2000):    0.000000 sq. miles (0.000000 sq. km)
   Total area (2000):    0.658647 sq. miles (1.705888 sq. km)
   FIPS code:            06820
   Located within:       North Carolina (NC), FIPS 37
   Location:             34.069119 N, 78.147755 W
   ZIP Codes (1990):     28422
   Note: some ZIP codes may be omitted esp. for suburbs.
   Headwords:
    Bolivia, NC
    Bolivia


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