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1. CIA World Factbook 2002
Navassa Island

   Introduction Navassa Island
   ---------------------------
                            Background: This uninhabited island was claimed
                                        by the US in 1857 for its guano, and
                                        mining took place between 1865 and
                                        1898. The lighthouse, built in 1917,
                                        was shut down in 1996 and
                                        administration of Navassa Island
                                        transferred from the Coast Guard to
                                        the Department of the Interior. A
                                        1998 scientific expedition to the
                                        island described it as a unique
                                        preserve of Caribbean biodiversity;
                                        the following year it became a
                                        National Wildlife Refuge.
  
   Geography Navassa Island
   ------------------------
                              Location: Caribbean, island in the Caribbean
                                        Sea, about one-fourth of the way
                                        from Haiti to Jamaica
                Geographic coordinates: 18 25 N, 75 02 W
                        Map references: Central America and the Caribbean
                                  Area: total: 5.2 sq km
                                        water: 0 sq km
                                        land: 5.2 sq km
                    Area - comparative: about nine times the size of The
                                        Mall in Washington, DC
                       Land boundaries: 0 km
                             Coastline: 8 km
                       Maritime claims: exclusive economic zone: 200 NM
                                        territorial sea: 12 NM
                               Climate: marine, tropical
                               Terrain: raised coral and limestone plateau,
                                        flat to undulating; ringed by
                                        vertical white cliffs (9 to 15 m
                                        high)
                    Elevation extremes: lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m
                                        highest point: unnamed location on
                                        southwest side 77 m
                     Natural resources: guano
                              Land use: arable land: 0%
                                        permanent crops: 0%
                                        other: 100% (1998 est.)
                        Irrigated land: 0 sq km (1998 est.)
                       Natural hazards: NA
          Environment - current issues: NA
                      Geography - note: strategic location 160 km south of
                                        the US Naval Base at Guantanamo Bay,
                                        Cuba; mostly exposed rock, but
                                        enough grassland to support goat
                                        herds; dense stands of fig-like
                                        trees, scattered cactus
  
   People Navassa Island
   ---------------------
                            Population: uninhabited
                                        note: transient Haitian fishermen
                                        and others camp on the island (July
                                        2002 est.)
                Population growth rate: NA
  
   Government Navassa Island
   -------------------------
                          Country name: conventional long form: none
                                        conventional short form: Navassa
                                        Island
                     Dependency status: unincorporated territory of the US;
                                        administered from Washington, DC, by
                                        the Fish and Wildlife Service, US
                                        Department of the Interior; in
                                        September 1996, the Coast Guard
                                        ceased operations and maintenance of
                                        Navassa Island Light, a 46-meter-
                                        tall lighthouse on the southern side
                                        of the island; there has also been a
                                        private claim advanced against the
                                        island
                          Legal system: the laws of the US, where
                                        applicable, apply
                      Flag description: the flag of the US is used
  
   Economy Navassa Island
   ----------------------
                                    Economy - overview: no economic activity
  
  
   Transportation Navassa Island
   -----------------------------
                                    Waterways: none
                            Ports and harbors: none; offshore anchorage only
  
   Military Navassa Island
   -----------------------
                       Military - note: defense is the responsibility of the
                                        US
  
   Transnational Issues Navassa Island
   -----------------------------------
                                  Disputes - international: claimed by Haiti
  
                                       



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