Gauge \Gauge\, n. [Written also gage.]
1. A measure; a standard of measure; an instrument to
determine dimensions, distance, or capacity; a standard.
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This plate must be a gauge to file your worm and
groove to equal breadth by. --Moxon.
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There is not in our hands any fixed gauge of minds.
--I. Taylor.
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2. Measure; dimensions; estimate.
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The gauge and dimensions of misery, depression, and
contempt. --Burke.
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3. (Mach. & Manuf.) Any instrument for ascertaining or
regulating the dimensions or forms of things; a templet or
template; as, a button maker's gauge.
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4. (Physics) Any instrument or apparatus for measuring the
state of a phenomenon, or for ascertaining its numerical
elements at any moment; -- usually applied to some
particular instrument; as, a rain gauge; a steam gauge.
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5. (Naut.)
(a) Relative positions of two or more vessels with
reference to the wind; as, a vessel has the weather
gauge of another when on the windward side of it, and
the lee gauge when on the lee side of it.
(b) The depth to which a vessel sinks in the water.
--Totten.
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6. The distance between the rails of a railway.
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Note: The standard gauge of railroads in most countries is
four feet, eight and one half inches. Wide, or broad,
gauge, in the United States, is six feet; in England,
seven feet, and generally any gauge exceeding standard
gauge. Any gauge less than standard gauge is now called
narrow gauge. It varies from two feet to three feet six
inches.
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7. (Plastering) The quantity of plaster of Paris used with
common plaster to accelerate its setting.
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8. (Building) That part of a shingle, slate, or tile, which
is exposed to the weather, when laid; also, one course of
such shingles, slates, or tiles.
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Gauge of a carriage, car, etc., the distance between the
wheels; -- ordinarily called the track.
Gauge cock, a stop cock used as a try cock for ascertaining
the height of the water level in a steam boiler.
Gauge concussion (Railroads), the jar caused by a car-wheel
flange striking the edge of the rail.
Gauge glass, a glass tube for a water gauge.
Gauge lathe, an automatic lathe for turning a round object
having an irregular profile, as a baluster or chair round,
to a templet or gauge.
Gauge point, the diameter of a cylinder whose altitude is
one inch, and contents equal to that of a unit of a given
measure; -- a term used in gauging casks, etc.
Gauge rod, a graduated rod, for measuring the capacity of
barrels, casks, etc.
Gauge saw, a handsaw, with a gauge to regulate the depth of
cut. --Knight.
Gauge stuff, a stiff and compact plaster, used in making
cornices, moldings, etc., by means of a templet.
Gauge wheel, a wheel at the forward end of a plow beam, to
determine the depth of the furrow.
Joiner's gauge, an instrument used to strike a line
parallel to the straight side of a board, etc.
Printer's gauge, an instrument to regulate the length of
the page.
Rain gauge, an instrument for measuring the quantity of
rain at any given place.
Salt gauge, or Brine gauge, an instrument or contrivance
for indicating the degree of saltness of water from its
specific gravity, as in the boilers of ocean steamers.
Sea gauge, an instrument for finding the depth of the sea.
Siphon gauge, a glass siphon tube, partly filled with
mercury, -- used to indicate pressure, as of steam, or the
degree of rarefaction produced in the receiver of an air
pump or other vacuum; a manometer.
Sliding gauge. (Mach.)
(a) A templet or pattern for gauging the commonly accepted
dimensions or shape of certain parts in general use,
as screws, railway-car axles, etc.
(b) A gauge used only for testing other similar gauges,
and preserved as a reference, to detect wear of the
working gauges.
(c) (Railroads) See Note under Gauge, n., 5.
Star gauge (Ordnance), an instrument for measuring the
diameter of the bore of a cannon at any point of its
length.
Steam gauge, an instrument for measuring the pressure of
steam, as in a boiler.
Tide gauge, an instrument for determining the height of the
tides.
Vacuum gauge, a species of barometer for determining the
relative elasticities of the vapor in the condenser of a
steam engine and the air.
Water gauge.
(a) A contrivance for indicating the height of a water
surface, as in a steam boiler; as by a gauge cock or
glass.
(b) The height of the water in the boiler.
Wind gauge, an instrument for measuring the force of the
wind on any given surface; an anemometer.
Wire gauge, a gauge for determining the diameter of wire or
the thickness of sheet metal; also, a standard of size.
See under Wire.
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Salt \Salt\, a. [Compar. Salter; superl. Saltest.] [AS.
sealt, salt. See Salt, n.]
1. Of or relating to salt; abounding in, or containing, salt;
prepared or preserved with, or tasting of, salt; salted;
as, salt beef; salt water. "Salt tears." --Chaucer.
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2. Overflowed with, or growing in, salt water; as, a salt
marsh; salt grass.
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3. Fig.: Bitter; sharp; pungent.
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I have a salt and sorry rheum offends me. --Shak.
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4. Fig.: Salacious; lecherous; lustful. --Shak.
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Salt acid (Chem.), hydrochloric acid.
Salt block, an apparatus for evaporating brine; a salt
factory. --Knight.
Salt bottom, a flat piece of ground covered with saline
efflorescences. [Western U.S.] --Bartlett.
Salt cake (Chem.), the white caked mass, consisting of
sodium sulphate, which is obtained as the product of the
first stage in the manufacture of soda, according to
Leblanc's process.
Salt fish.
(a) Salted fish, especially cod, haddock, and similar
fishes that have been salted and dried for food.
(b) A marine fish.
Salt garden, an arrangement for the natural evaporation of
sea water for the production of salt, employing large
shallow basins excavated near the seashore.
Salt gauge, an instrument used to test the strength of
brine; a salimeter.
Salt horse, salted beef. [Slang]
Salt junk, hard salt beef for use at sea. [Slang]
Salt lick. See Lick, n.
Salt marsh, grass land subject to the overflow of salt
water.
Salt-marsh caterpillar (Zool.), an American bombycid moth
(Spilosoma acraea which is very destructive to the
salt-marsh grasses and to other crops. Called also woolly
bear. See Illust. under Moth, Pupa, and Woolly
bear, under Woolly.
Salt-marsh fleabane (Bot.), a strong-scented composite herb
(Pluchea camphorata) with rayless purplish heads,
growing in salt marshes.
Salt-marsh hen (Zool.), the clapper rail. See under Rail.
Salt-marsh terrapin (Zool.), the diamond-back.
Salt mine, a mine where rock salt is obtained.
Salt pan.
(a) A large pan used for making salt by evaporation; also,
a shallow basin in the ground where salt water is
evaporated by the heat of the sun.
(b) pl. Salt works.
Salt pit, a pit where salt is obtained or made.
Salt rising, a kind of yeast in which common salt is a
principal ingredient. [U.S.]
Salt raker, one who collects salt in natural salt ponds, or
inclosures from the sea.
Salt sedative (Chem.), boracic acid. [Obs.]
Salt spring, a spring of salt water.
Salt tree (Bot.), a small leguminous tree (Halimodendron
argenteum) growing in the salt plains of the Caspian
region and in Siberia.
Salt water, water impregnated with salt, as that of the
ocean and of certain seas and lakes; sometimes, also,
tears.
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Mine eyes are full of tears, I can not see;
And yet salt water blinds them not so much
But they can see a sort of traitors here. --Shak.
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Salt-water sailor, an ocean mariner.
Salt-water tailor. (Zool.) See Bluefish.
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