exile
    n 1: a person who is voluntarily absent from home or country;
         "American expatriates" [syn: exile, expatriate,
         expat]
    2: a person who is expelled from home or country by authority
       [syn: exile, deportee]
    3: the act of expelling a person from their native land; "men in
       exile dream of hope"; "his deportation to a penal colony";
       "the expatriation of wealthy farmers"; "the sentence was one
       of transportation for life" [syn: exile, deportation,
       expatriation, transportation]
    v 1: expel from a country; "The poet was exiled because he
         signed a letter protesting the government's actions" [syn:
         expatriate, deport, exile] [ant: repatriate]

Exile \Ex"ile\v. t. [imp. & p. p. Exiled; p. pr. & vb. n.
   Exiling.]
   To banish or expel from one's own country or home; to drive
   away. "Exiled from eternal God." --Tennyson.
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         Calling home our exiled friends abroad.  --Shak.

   Syn: See Banish.
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Exile \Ex*ile"\, a. [L. exilis.]
   Small; slender; thin; fine. [Obs.] "An exile sound." --Bacon.
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Exile \Ex"ile\, n. [OE. exil, fr. L. exilium, exsilium, fr.
   exsuil one who quits, or is banished from, his native soil;
   ex out + solum ground, land, soil, or perh. fr.the root of
   salire to leap, spring; cf. F. exil. Cf. Sole of the foot,
   Saltation.]
   1. Forced separation from one's native country; expulsion
      from one's home by the civil authority; banishment;
      sometimes, voluntary separation from one's native country.
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            Let them be recalled from their exile. --Shak.
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   2. The person expelled from his country by authority; also,
      one who separates himself from his home.
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            Thou art in exile, and thou must not stay. --Shak.

   Syn: Banishment; proscription; expulsion.
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Exile
   (1.) Of the kingdom of Israel. In the time of Pekah,
   Tiglath-pileser II. carried away captive into Assyria (2 Kings
   15:29; comp. Isa. 10:5, 6) a part of the inhabitants of Galilee
   and of Gilead (B.C. 741).
   
     After the destruction of Samaria (B.C. 720) by Shalmaneser and
   Sargon (q.v.), there was a general deportation of the Israelites
   into Mesopotamia and Media (2 Kings 17:6; 18:9; 1 Chr. 5:26).
   (See ISRAEL, KINGDOM OF.)
   
     (2.) Of the kingdom of the two tribes, the kingdom of Judah.
   Nebuchadnezzar, in the fourth year of Jehoiakim (Jer. 25:1),
   invaded Judah, and carried away some royal youths, including
   Daniel and his companions (B.C. 606), together with the sacred
   vessels of the temple (2 Chr. 36:7; Dan. 1:2). In B.C. 598 (Jer.
   52:28; 2 Kings 24:12), in the beginning of Jehoiachin's reign (2
   Kings 24:8), Nebuchadnezzar carried away captive 3,023 eminent
   Jews, including the king (2 Chr. 36:10), with his family and
   officers (2 Kings 24:12), and a large number of warriors (16),
   with very many persons of note (14), and artisans (16), leaving
   behind only those who were poor and helpless. This was the first
   general deportation to Babylon.
   
     In B.C. 588, after the revolt of Zedekiah (q.v.), there was a
   second general deportation of Jews by Nebuchadnezzar (Jer.
   52:29; 2 Kings 25:8), including 832 more of the principal men of
   the kingdom. He carried away also the rest of the sacred vessels
   (2 Chr. 36:18). From this period, when the temple was destroyed
   (2 Kings 25:9), to the complete restoration, B.C. 517 (Ezra
   6:15), is the period of the "seventy years."
   
     In B.C. 582 occurred the last and final deportation. The
   entire number Nebuchadnezzar carried captive was 4,600 heads of
   families with their wives and children and dependants (Jer.
   52:30; 43:5-7; 2 Chr. 36:20, etc.). Thus the exiles formed a
   very considerable community in Babylon.
   
     When Cyrus granted permission to the Jews to return to their
   own land (Ezra 1:5; 7:13), only a comparatively small number at
   first availed themselves of the privilege. It cannot be
   questioned that many belonging to the kingdom of Israel
   ultimately joined the Jews under Ezra, Zerubbabel, and Nehemiah,
   and returned along with them to Jerusalem (Jer. 50:4, 5, 17-20,
   33-35).
   
     Large numbers had, however, settled in the land of Babylon,
   and formed numerous colonies in different parts of the kingdom.
   Their descendants very probably have spread far into Eastern
   lands and become absorbed in the general population. (See JUDAH,
   KINGDOM OF; CAPTIVITY.)
   

EXILE, civil law. The: interdiction of all places except one in which the 
party is forced to make his residence. 
     2. This punishment did not deprive the sufferer of his right of 
citizenship or of his property, unless the exile were perpetual, in which 
case confiscation not unfrequently was a part of the sentence. Exile was 
temporary or perpetual. Dig. 48, 22, 4; Code, 10, 59, 2. Exile differs from 
deportation, (q.v.) and relegation. (q.v.) Vide, 2 Lev. 191; Co. Litt. 
133, a. 

EXILE, n.  One who serves his country by residing abroad, yet is not
an ambassador.
    An English sea-captain being asked if he had read "The Exile of
Erin," replied:  "No, sir, but I should like to anchor on it."  Years
afterwards, when he had been hanged as a pirate after a career of
unparalleled atrocities, the following memorandum was found in the
ship's log that he had kept at the time of his reply:

    Aug. 3d, 1842.  Made a joke on the ex-Isle of Erin.  Coldly
    received.  War with the whole world!